596 TUSAYAN MIGRATION TRADITIONS [ETH. ANN. 19 
which they say originated in the south. The personation of Alosaka 
is prominent in the Flute observance at Walpi. 
This Alosaka cult, which, as elsewhere shown, is in some way con- 
nected with the Mountain-sheep clan of the Flute group, is one of 
the most perplexing at Walpi. There is legendary evidence that 
Alosaka was introduced into Tusayan from the settlements along the 
Little Colorado, by Squash and kindred (Flute) clans, some of which 
joined the Horn, others went to Awatobi, and still others to the Middle 
mesa, where they founded Tecukubi and other pueblos. All the evi- 
dence would appear to indicate that the original home of this cult was 
in the south, and as the Squash and related clans (except the Flute) are 
extinct at Walpi, the perpetuation of the Alosaka ceremonies in that 
pueblo has fallen to other clans—the Asa and Honani—by which the 
nature of the cult has been somewhat modified. 
In the enumeration of the clans belonging to the Ala-Lefiya group, 
there is a Panwii or Mountain-sheep clan. This fact is significant, as 
the Aaltti or Alosaka wear artificial horns and personate Mountain- 
sheep in several ceremonies. 
In the New-fire ceremony, where Alosaka are personated, the per- 
sonations observe rites at the shrine of a being called Tuwapontumsi 
(*‘ Earth-altar woman”). The shrine has no statue of this being, but 
contains simply a block of petrified wood. Sikyahonauwi, an old man 
of the Tiiwa clan, made for me us his totem a figure with two horns, 
which he called Tuwapontumsi, a female complement of the double- 
horned Alosaka. 
In the Soyaluna, or Winter-solstice ceremony, we find a figure of 
Alosaka on the shield of the Ala-Leftya people, and at Oraibi a screen 
similarly decorated is found. It has not yet been determined, how- 
eyer, whether this Alosaka screen at Oraibi has any relation to the 
Ala-Lenya clans. 
The Alosaka cult was practiced at Awatobi, for the figurines of 
Alosaka used in that pueblo, as well as legends connected with them, 
are known. ‘This is explained on the theory that there were Patun 
and related Lenya clans in that ill-fated pueblo. 
PatK1 CLANS 
In the general designation ‘‘ Patki clans” are included the last group 
which sought refuge from their southern homes among the Hopi. 
This group includes the Kiikiite (Lizard), called also Tiitwa (Sand), the 
Tabo (Rabbit) and Piba (Tobacco), and the Rain-cloud. They say that 
they once lived on the Little Colorado, near Winslow, and when they 
entered the Walpi valley they built and occupied Pakatcomo, where 
they practiced a higher form of religion than that which existed in the 
pueblo founded by the Bear and Snake clans. An intimate study 
of the character of the surviving rites which these clans say they 
