650 LOCALIZATION OF TUSAYAN CLANS [BPH. ANN. 19 
houses directly in front of the main row. One had been built and 
was inhabited at the time when the map was made by a white man 
who made his home there, while the other, which had been abandoned 
and was falling into ruin, was built some years before by a Navaho 
who wished to live in the village. The former was subsequently sur- 
rendered by the white man and occupied by some of the natives. The 
localization of clans worked both ways. Not only was a member of 
a clan required to build with his own people, but outsiders were 
required to build outside of the cluster. 
The same requirement is illustrated in plate xxi, which shows the 
plan of Hawikf, one of the ancient ‘*Seven Cities of Cibola,” near 
the present Zuni. The standing walls which occupy the southeastern 
corner of the ruin are the remains of an adobe church, while the build- 
ings which stood near and to the north of it, now marked only by 
lines of débris, were the mission buildings and offices connected with 
the church. They are pointed out as such by the natives of Zuni to-day. 
All these buildings were set apart und were distinct from the village 
proper, which occupied the crest of the hill, while the buildings 
mentioned were on the flat below. 
This was the first discovered city of Cibola,! the first pueblo village 
seen by the friar Niza in 1539, and the first village stormed by Coro- 
nado and his men in 1540. It was abandoned about 1670 (7) on account 
of the depredations of the Apache. The plan shows that the site was 
inhabited for a long time, and that the village grew up by the addition 
of room after room as space was needed by the people. Notwithstand- 
ing the fact that no standing walls remain, and that the place was aban- 
doned over two centuries ago, six or seven house-clusters can still be 
made out in addition to the buildings erected by or for the monks in 
the flat below. Dense clustering, such as this, indicates prolonged occu- 
pancy by a considerable number of people, and probably two centuries 
at least would be required to produce sucha plan. The long and com- 
paratively narrow row to the left of the main cluster suggests an 
addition of much later date than the main portion of the village. 
The maps of the villages Walpi, Sichumovi, Hano, Mishongnoyi, 
Shipaulovi, and Oraibi, which are presented herewith, show the dis- 
tribution of the clans at the time the surveys were made (about 1883). 
At first glance the clans appear to be located with the utmost irregularity 
and apparently without system, but a closer study shows that notwith- 
standing the centuries which have elapsed since the period covered by 
the old traditions of the arrival of clans* the latter are in a measure 
corroborated by the maps. It is also apparent that notwithstanding 
the breakdown of the old system, whereby related peoples were required 
to build together, traces of it can still be seen. It is a matter of regret 
1See Hodge, First Discovered City of Cibola, in American Anthropologist, yii1, April, 1895 
2 These traditions are given in detail in the preceding paper.—Eb. 
