JENKS] THE KICKAPOO, OTTAWA, AND HURON 1055 
Assiniboin separated from their kinsmen as early as the sixteenth 
century. 
Marquette said, in 1670, ‘‘The Assinipouars, who haye about the 
same language as the Nadouessi [Sioux, Dakota], are westward from 
the Mission of the Holy Ghost [at La Pointe, Wisconsin], at a lake 
fifteen or twenty days’ journey distant, where they gather wild rice 
and where the fishing is very good.”' Perrot writes of them: *‘ The 
Chiripinons, or Assiniboulas, sow wild rice in their marshes, which 
they afterward gather; but they can transport it home only during 
the period of navigation.”* 
THe Kickapoo, Orrawa, AND Huron 
Besides the Indians previously considered in this chapter, thee were 
several thousand Kickapoo, Ottawa, Huron, and other Indians who 
lived among them in the wild-rice district. 
According to maps of the years 1718, 1740-1750, and 1755, the 
‘**Outaouacs” (Ottawa) were a short distance south of Lake Superior. 
Their numbers at the time are not known. 
Radisson and Groseilliers claim to have made, a year or two prior 
to 1660, a canoe yoyage up Lake Superior as far as Chequamegon 
bay, and from there to have visited a village of refugee Huron Indians 
living on a lake whose headwaters drained inte Chippeway river. 
Perrot gives their number as 100. About 1660 they went to the 
Noquet islands at the mouth of Green bay. They moved two or three 
times more in the northwest, and finally went to Detroit. They were 
in Wisconsin probably from about 1652 to 1670.* 
Before 1716 the Kickapoo were reported on the west side of Green 
bay on the present Fox river.* A map of 1720 represents them south 
of Green bay, while the territory occupied by them in 1716 had a 
Kikalin village.’ The map last cited has also ** Villages of 4 Nations” 
near the mouth of Fox river. 
In this chapter only the most conservative estimates of Indian 
populations have been given, and by these it is proved that fully 
30,000 Indians used wild rice at one time. Estimating the Ojibwa at 
10,000, the Dakota at 6,000, the Menomini at 1,500, the Sauk and Fox 
at 2,500, the Winnebago at 2,000, the Potawatomi at 2,000, there are 
24.000 souls. Besides these there are the Assiniboin, Maskotin, Kick- 
apoo, Huron, Ottawa, and others, all of whom might easily swell the 
number to a total of 30,000 souls. 
1Verwyst, Missionary Labors, Milwaukee and Chicago, 1886, p. 104. 
2 Perrot, Mémoire, p. 52. 
Shea, The Indians of Wisconsin, in Wisconsin Historical Collections, vol. 111, p. 125 et seq. 
4Herman Moll, Map of North America, printed before 1716. 
5Moll, A New Map of the North Parts of America claimed by France, 1720. 


