1106 WILD RICE GATHERERS OF UPPER LAKES [ETH. ANN. 19 
InpIAN PopuLATION OF THE Wiuip-Ricr District 
It is believed that the section of country in the United States which 
grew wild rice so abundantly—that is, the northeastern and northern 
parts of Wisconsin and the part of Minnesota east of the Mississippi 
river—sustained an Indian population equal to all the other country 
known as the Northwest territory, viz, all those States lying between 
the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and Lakes Superior and Huron. 
This would include southwestern Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, 

WILD RICE DISTRICT 

Z 
. . 
LD ate 
TERRITORY IN WHICH ahr 4 
RELATIVE INDIAN POPU- Der} € N i 
LATION IS CONSIDERED x 7 
A v= e 
SCALE OF MILES BA TN \ 
100 ° 100 / Si 
ie ANT as 
a. SS a 



Fic. 48—Map showing areas whose population is compared. 
and Michigan (see figure 48). This statement applies to the period 
when the Indian lived by aboriginal and not by civilized production. 
Estimates of the Indian population will be presented to substantiate 
the belief. Roughly speaking, the wild-rice district is about one-fifth 
of the entire territory considered. 
Mr S. 8. Hebberd? said of this section of the United States: 
In fine, the six States lying east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio— 
excluding Northeastern Wisconsin’—contained a population in 1670, of less than 

‘ Hebberd, History of Wisconsin under the Dominion of France, p. 32 et seq. 
*There are only five States in the included territory. 
