368 Antediluvian Zoology. 
geological situation of which is probably similar to that of the 
coal-measures of England. 
Impressions, resembling the footsteps made by tortoises, 
were not long since nlouiced on the surface of beds of new red 
sandstone in Dumfriesshire, 
Turtle and tortoises occur in the lias, and occasionally in 
some intermediate formations, particularly the Purbeck stone, 
up to the London clay. 
There are ev idently many of these animals occurring in a 
fossil state ; but much difficulty exists in determining the spe- 
cles. Same of them are marine, and others belong to fresh- 
water deposits. The strata of Tilgate Forest onion some of 
this class, which Mr. Mantell has deter mined to belong to the 
genera Trionyx, E*mys, and Chelonia. E*mys has also been 
found at Sheppey. 
MAMMIFEROUS ANIMALS. 
Marine Mammalia. Viviparous, producing their young alive. 
Céti. — Balz'na, or Whale, &c. Bones of several cetaceous 
animals occur in marine diluvium, particularly in Norfolk. 
They have been traced much earlier in the Stonesfield slate, 
in the Tilgate stone, the Kimmeridge clay, and in limestone 
near Bath. ‘Their occurrence is somewhat rare with us, but 
less so on some parts of the Continent. In Italy, entire 
skeletons, at 1200 ft. elevation. Baron Cuvier enumerates 
10 fossil species. ** One is like a species native of the Ganges ; 
a second has no close affinity with any known species ; while 
the remaining eight bear a resemblance to the species at 
present natives of the British seas.” — Dr. Fleming. 
Lamantines and Dolphins have not yet been observed in 
England. They have come under the observation of Con- 
tinental geologists, i in beds allied to our highest marine form- 
ations. 
Phoca, or Seals: —In marine diluvium on the banks of the 
Forth. 
QUADRUPEDS. 
The animals of this class whose skeletons abound amidst 
the débris of the ancient world, are conceived to have been 
in existence at that epoch which immediately preceded the 
deluge. Accumulations of similar débris, containing precisely 
similar animal remains, have, from time to time, “been dis- 
covered in every explored part of our globe. Hence an 
argument has been employed, that the climate of that ancient 
world was universal, at least that the temperature was more 
equal at that period than now. 
With regard to the geological distribution of fossil quadru- 
