14 THE NAUTILUS. 
suggest Andaman and sometimes Indian species. None may be 
directly referred to any Sumatra species. These species of Enganio 
and Sumatra that do most resemble one another are widely distribu- 
ted throughout the Malayan province, yet none of them are identi- 
eal. It should be admitted, however, that the Sumatran land shells 
are less perfectly known than those of either Java or the mainland, 
and it is possible that a more thorough conchological exploration of 
the island might disprove the conclusion that Enganio bears to it so 
distant a relation. 
1. Melania (Melanoides) herculea Gld. var. PI. 2, fig. 6. 
This species with variabilis Bens., episcopalis Lea, of India; julient 
Desh., chaperi, perakensis from the Malay peninsula; boceceana Brot. 
from Sumatra; varicosa and infracostata from Java, etc., constitute a 
natural group of allied forms admitting a considerable range of speci- 
fic variation. Many of the more recently published species of this 
group, will, I believe, be found to be no more than local varieties of 
Benson’s well known Melania variabilis. Dr. Brot suggests the 
identity of M. herculea and M. variabilis, which, if correct, will re- 
duce the former to varietal rank; nevertheless I have thought it 
best to refer these specimens to herculea as they agree almost per- 
fectly with authentic examples in the National Museum. In the 
Enganio shells the whorls are slightly less rounded than in the 
typical form, and the number of heavy longitudinal ribs is some- 
what greater (16 to 20). The inside of the aperture is bluish-white 
with two purplish-brown revolving color bands to be seen upon the 
outside of the shell only in young specimens. 
2. Melania (Melanoides) badian.s. PI. 2, fig. 7. 
Shell heavy, strong. Whorls 14 to 15, excavated below the 
suture, the first 3 or 4 generally lost; remaining upper whorls 
decorated with sharp longitudinal riblets which are crossed just 
above the suture by a series of four revolving striz. The balance 
of the shell is perfectly smooth, no trace of other than faint growth 
lines being visible under the glass. The median whorls of the spire 
are ornamented with a revolving row of spots, or broken line, of 
dark chestnut. Suture simple; below the suture a zone of some- 
what lighter color on the last three whorls. Aperture small, 
widened below, pointed above, outer lip simple, columella callous. 
Bluish within, a rich chestnut without. Height 40, diam, 123 mm. 
The main characters of this shell are—(a) its solidity, (b) costate 
upper whorls, (c) smooth lower whorls, (d) interrupted line of dark 
