INTRODUCTION TO SONAR 



Prosign 



Proword 



Meaning 



AA ALL AFTER All after 



AB ALL BEFORE ..... All before 



WA WORD AFTER Word after 



WB WORD BEFORE .... Word before 



K OVER 



Go ahead and 

 transmit. 



AR OUT End of trans- 

 mission; no 

 reply expected 

 or desired. > 



Remarks 



Used to identify 

 portions of a 

 transmission 

 when requesting 

 a repetition. 



Every transmission 

 ends with one or 

 the other of these 

 prosigns. 



AS WAIT I must pause for a 



few seconds. 



AS AR . . WAIT OUT I must pause longer 



than a few seconds. 



BT BREAK Long break Separates text of 



message from 

 heading and end- 

 ing. 



n Separative 



sign. 



Used for all other 

 separations in 

 messages. Write 

 it as a short dash. 



DE FROM 



From 



EEEEEEEEE. .CORRECTION . . I just made 



an error. 



Corrected version 

 is sent immedi- 

 ately. 



EEEEEEE . AR DISREGARD THIS TRANSMISSION 



IMi SAY AGAIN Repeat 



R ROGER I have received 



all of your 



last transmission. 



as well as receiving it by oscillator, should give 

 you a good knowledge of code sound. The proper 

 method for keying is your next concern. 



Probably the first key you'll encounter is 

 the unshielded telegraph key, normally used on 

 practice oscillators on shipboard and on station 

 circuits. The key must be adjusted properly 

 before you can transmit clear-cut characters. 

 A hand key, with parts labeled, is shown in 

 figure 8-1. 



A spring tension screw, behind the key button, 

 controls the amount of upward tension on the key. 

 The tension desired varies with operators. Too 



much tension forces the key button up before the 

 dahs are completely formed; spacing between 

 characters is irregular, and dlts are not clearly 

 defined. If the spring tension is very weak, 

 characters run together and the space between 

 characters is too short. 



The gap between the contacts, regulated by 

 the space adjusting screw at the back of the 

 key, should be set at one-sixteenth inch for 

 beginners. This measurement does not apply 

 to every key and operator; it is a matter of 

 personal preference. Some operators like a 

 closed key, others an open key. "Closed" and 



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