INTRODUCTION TO SONAR 



3. Carefully inspect the cord and plug. If the 

 cord is frayed, or the plug appears daxn.aged, 

 replace them. 



4. If an extension cord is used, connect the 

 cord of the power tool Into the extension 

 cord, then connect the extension cord into 

 the power receptacle. Wlien your work is 

 finished, unplug the extension cord from the 

 power receptable, then unplug the cord of 

 the power tool. 



5. Wear safety goggles for protection against 

 particles that might strike your eyes. 



6. See that the cables do not present a trip- 

 ping hazard. 



ELECTRIC SHOCK 



Electric shock is a jarring, shaking sensation. 

 You may feel as though someone hit you with a 

 sledgehammer. Although usually associated with 

 high voltage, fatal shocks often are received from 

 115 volts or less. If your skin resistance (which 

 varies) becomes low enough, a current of 100 

 milliamperes (.100 ampere) at 115 volts, sus- 

 tained for only a couple of seconds, is sufficient 

 to cause death. 



Symptoms and Effects 



The victim of an electric shock is very pale; 

 his skin is cold and clammy. His breathing (if 

 he is breathing) is irregular, shallow, and rapid. 

 He may sweat profusely, and his eye pupils will 

 be dilated. In some cases he will be unconscious, 

 and have an extremely weak pulse, or no pulse. 

 In severe cases he will have no heai'tbeat. Vital 

 organs in the path of the current may be damaged 

 (usually due to heat) and nerves paralyzed. 



R'3scue and Treatment 



The first thing to do for a victim of electric 

 shock is to remove him from contact with the 

 circuit. The best method is to open the switch, 

 if you can do so without too much delay. If an ax 

 is handy and the power cable is accessible, the 

 cable can be cut, assuming that it would take 

 too long to find the proper switch. If there are no 

 ready means for cutting the power, use any dry 

 nonconducting material to pull the man free; a 

 belt, clothing, a piece of line, a wooden stick, or 

 a sound-powered phone cord. Be extremely careful 

 that you don't become a victim yourself. 



The treatment to give a shock victim depends 

 on his condition — whether he is breathing or not. 



The following care is prescribed when the man is 

 breathing. 



1. Lay victim on his back, with his head lower 

 than his feet. Loosen the clothing about his 

 neck and abdomen so he can breathe freely. 

 Keep him warm, but not hot. SUMM(;)N 

 MEDICAL AID. 



2. Keep the man still. Electric shock weakens 

 the heart, and any muscular activity on his 

 part may cause the heart to stop function- 

 ing. 



3. Normally, no liquids should be given. Never 

 give stimulants nor sedatives. 



4. If the necessary materials are available, 

 apply a small amount of vaseline to his 

 burns, and cover with a sterile dressing to 

 prevent infection. 



Resuscitation 



If the shock victim is not breathing, immediate 

 efforts must be made to revive him, even though 

 he may appear to be dead. (Victims of severe 

 electric shock sometimes appear as though rigor 

 mortis has set in.) The effort must be continued 

 until medical personnel can take over, or until a 

 competent person declares the victim to be dead. 

 Speed in beginning artificial respiration is of the 

 utmost importance. Figure 10-2 shows that the 

 victim's best chance of survival depends on 

 beginning resuscitation within 5 minutes. 



The mouth-to-mouth method of artificial 

 respiration is preferred. Next in preference is the 



\ 1 \ ' 



CURVE SHOWING POSSIBILITY OF SUCCESS 



PLOTTED AGAINST ELAPSED TIME BEFORE 



START OF RESUSCITATION 



10 15 



TIME IN MINUTES 



20 



71.101 

 Figure 10-2. — Importance of speed in conmienc- 

 ing artificial respiration. 



156 



