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TABLE 3-1 

 DISTRIBUTION OF ICE AND SNOW 



Area Volume Sea-Level 



Equivalent 



Snow and Ice on Land 

 Antarctica 1,2 

 Greenland 

 Small Ice Caps and Mountain Glaciers 



Ground Ice (Excluding Antarctica) 

 Continuous 

 Discontinuous 



Sea Ice 



Arctic: Max. 15.5 5.0x10^ 



Min. 8.4 2.0x104 



Antarctic: Max. 20.0 3.0x104 



Min. 2.5 5.0x103 



Total Land Ice, Sea Ice and Snow 

 Jan. N. Hemisphere 



S. Hemisphere 

 July: N. Hemisphere 



S. Hemisphere 

 Global Mean Annual 



1 Excludes peripheral, floating ice shelves (which do not affect 

 sea level ) . 



2 Roughly 10 percent of the Antarctic ice is in West Antarctica, 

 and 90 percent is in East Antarctica. 



Source: N. Untersteiner , "Sea ice and ice sheets role in climatic 

 variations, Appendix 7," of GARP Pub. series 16: Physical 

 Basis of Climate and Climate Modeling . World Meteorological 

 Council of Scientific Unions, 206-24. April 1975. 



