GEOGRAPHIC NAMES OF ANTARCTICA 



South Georgia where it worked in conjunction with 

 the Discovery. In February it sailed to Falkland 

 Islands where investigations were made between 

 the islands and South America. The ship returned 

 to Cape Town via South Georgia. 



1927. Norwegian expedition. 

 Leader: Eyvind Tofte. Ship: Odd I. 

 Summary: Financed by Lars Christensen. Left 

 South Georgia January 6, 1927, and sailed west 

 through Bransfield Strait to Deception Island. 

 Enroute sighted largest iceberg ever recorded, an 

 estimated 100 miles long, in 63°30'S., 52°00'W. 

 Left Deception Island January 12, sailing south- 

 westward inside of the Palmer Archipelago, thence 

 westward in clear sea to Peter I Island, which was 

 circumnavigated on January 17. Attempts to land 

 unsuccessful, but running survey made. The 

 Odd I then sailed south encountering the pack, 

 which it skirted east and northeastward to Anvers 

 Island before returning to South Georgia via De- 

 ception Island. 



1927-28. Norwegian expedition. 

 Leader: Capt. Harald Horntvedt. Ship: Norvegia. 

 Summary: The Norvegia, sent out by Lars Chris- 

 tensen, left Cape Town on November 19, 1927, 

 and on November 30 reached Bouvet0ya. Landing 

 made next day. After charting the island, the 

 ship steamed southward on January 1, 1928 and 

 vainly sought Pagoda Rock. Damaged condition 

 of ship caused withdrawal January 7 from pack 

 ice margin at 60°01'S., 2°24'E. A line of oceano- 

 graphic stations was run to South Georgia, arriv- 

 ing there January 22. The Norvegia was laid up 

 for repairs, but the staff continued work with aid 

 of whalers operating in the vicinity. 



1927-28. Norwegian expedition. 

 Leaders: Dr. Ola Olstad and Prof. Olaf Holtedahl. 

 Ships: Various whaling ships. 

 Summary: Transported by various whaling ships, 

 Olstad and Holtedahl conducted individual re- 

 search in biology and geology, respectively, in 

 South Georgia, South Shetland Islands, and Pal- 

 mer Archipelago. 



Ships : Various 



1928-29. German expedition. 



Leader: Ludwig Kohl-Larsen. 



whaling ships. 



Summary: Party of three, transported by various 



whaling ships, charted extensive coastal areas and 



much of the inland glacier system of South Georgia. 



1928-29. French Expedition. 



Leader: E. Aubert de la Riie. Ship: Austral. 



Summary: Geological reconnaissance of Kergue- 



len Island. Visited Heard Island in whale catcher 



Kildalkey for geological observations in January 



1929. 



1928-29. British and United States expedition. 

 Leader: Sir Hubert Wilkins. Ship: Hektoria. 

 Summary: Sponsored by American Geographical 

 Society, William Randolph Hearst, Detroit Aviation 

 Society, and private, public, and commercial do- 

 nors. Two airplanes, supplies, and staff trans- 

 ported to Deception Island by the floating factory 

 Hektoria. Two reconnaissance flights made in 

 vicinity on November 26. At 8:30 a.m., December 

 20, 1928, Wilkins and pilot Carl B. Eielson took 

 off from Deception Island, flew south toward 

 Trinity Island, crossed Palmer Peninsula and flew 

 south along its east coast to Stefansson Strait and 

 return, essentially over same route. This pioneer 

 Antarctic flight lasted ten hours. On January 10, 

 1929, flight of 250 miles over northern sector of 

 previous route repeated to confirm earlier obser- 

 vations. Operations then postponed until next 

 season. 



1928-29. Norwegian expedition. 

 Leader: Capt. Nils Larsen. Ship: Norvegia. 

 Summary: Financed by Lars Christensen. The 

 Norvegia arrived at Bouvet0ya from South Georgia 

 December 16, 1928. Made unsuccessful search for 

 Thompson Island and the Chimnies for eight days, 

 in clear weather. Failed to establish weather sta- 

 tion on Bouvet0ya. The Norvegia then proceeded 

 west to Peter I Island, making a landing on Feb- 

 ruary 1, 1929. Second landing made next day, 

 and house erected. Following six days of obser- 

 vation, the ship sailed west across Amundsen Sea, 

 skirting pack ice to 140 °W. From there, on Feb- 

 ruary 20, she sailed north and thence eastward 

 along the 60° parallel to South Georgia, which 

 was reached on March 30. Dougherty Island 

 could not be found in its reported position. 



1928-30. Byrd Antarctic Expedition. 

 Leader: Rear Adm. Richard E. Byrd, USN (Ret.). 

 Ships : City of New York and Eleanor Boiling. 

 Summary: Sponsored by John D. Rockefeller, Jr., 

 Edsel Ford, many other private donors, as well 

 as scientific organizations. Expedition left Dune- 

 din December 2, 1928, with the Eleanor Boiling 

 towing the City of New York to edge of the pack, 

 where the latter was taken in tow by the C. A. Lar- 

 sen to open water in Ross Sea, being released De- 

 cember 23. Bay of Whales reached December 29, 

 and base site selected January 1, 1929. After un- 

 loading, two attempts made by City of New York 

 to penetrate to Edward VII Peninsula, before leav- 

 ing for New Zealand February 22. Meanwhile, 

 the Eleanor Boiling made two trips with supplies; 

 a third prevented by ice conditions. Several 

 flights made from base in the three planes. The 

 first on January 27 to Edward VII Peninsula, dis- 

 covering Rockefeller Mountains. Two more flights 

 to this area made on February 18. On March 7 



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