GEOGRAPHIC NAMES OF ANTARCTICA 



the peninsula range, Dyer Plateau, and George VI 

 Sound to Ellsworth Highland. Landing made 

 there on snow-covered surface in about 79°15'S., 

 102°35'W. After 19 hours in camp, flight was con- 

 tinued on November 24, but bad weather forced 

 landing after a half hour in the air. A storm and 

 clearing away the snow kept party grounded until 

 late December 4. Four hours later (23 : 10 Decem- 

 ber 4) another landing made for astronomical ob- 

 servations, at about 79°29'S., 153°27'W. Plane 

 took off at 09 : 50, December 5, and came down again 

 at 10:05, 16 miles from the Bay of Whales, with 

 gasoline exhausted. Ellsworth and HoUick-Ken- 

 yon hiked to Little America to await arrival of the 

 Wyatt Earp. On January 15, 1936, the Discovery 

 II came to then- rescue, but before departing waited 

 for the Wyatt Earp to arrive. 



1935-36. Discovery Investigations (British). 

 Leader: G. W. Rayner. Ship: William Scoresby. 

 Summary: The William Scoresby left London in 

 October 1935 to mark whales in Indian Ocean. In 

 February 1936, attempting great circle route from 

 eastern whaling grounds off Queen Mary Coast to 

 western grounds off Enderby Land, Rayner found 

 coast unusually free of ice. In vicinity of 103°E., 

 the existence of Bowman Island and Mill Island 

 was verified. Working westward, MacKenzie Bay 

 was found ice-free and was entered to 68°45'S., 

 70°42'E. on February 24. Skirting Amery Ice 

 Shelf to its north extremity, the William Scoresby 

 continued west along the coast, landing at ScuUin 

 Monolith on February 26. Next day Kemp Coast 

 was reached; William Scoresby Bay discovered and 

 landing made. Immediate coastal area charted. 

 On March 6, ship again in sight of land off Cape 

 Ann. She arrived at Cape Town April 3, 1936. 



1935-37. Discovery Investigations (British). 

 Leader: Dr. G. E. R. Deacon. Ship: Discovery II. 

 Summary: Leaving London in October, the Dis- 

 covery II called at Cape Town before starting work, 

 November 9, 1935. The course led eastward to 

 Crozet Islands, then south to 58°29'S., 58°00'E., 

 meeting the pack. Pack ice skirted eastward to 

 about 59°47'S., 98°00'E. when, on December 4, 

 1935, the Discovery II was called to Melbourne to 

 begin search for Lincoln Ellsworth, presumed lost 

 on his trans-Antarctic flight. She left Melbourne 

 December 23 for Ross Sea, via Dunedin. After dif- 

 ficult penetration of almost 400 miles of pack ice 

 from January 6 to 14, with planes assisting to spot 

 open leads, the ship arrived at Bay of Whales on 

 January 15, 1936. Ellsworth found to be safe and 

 the Discovery II left with him aboard on Jan- 

 uary 22. Oceanographic work was carried out 

 in Ross Sea, and landing made at Cape Crozier. 

 Enroute to Australia, a running survey was 

 made of Balleny Islands, from February 3 to 5. 



Work resumed by sailing south from Melbourne 

 along 146 °E. Uncertain appearance of land noted 

 to the south in 65°06'S., 127°02'E. on March 20, 

 and in 65°05'S., 126°35'E. the next day. The pack 

 ice was skirted in zigzag course from there to 

 Shackleton Ice Shelf where, on March 26, a course 

 was laid for Fremantle. After cruise across Indian 

 Ocean along 32°S., from Fremantle to Cape Town, 

 Antarctic work begun again on May 18, 1936, when 

 ship cruised west and southward to beyond Bouve- 

 t0ya, then followed the pack ice eastward to 17°E. 

 before returning to Cape Town for routine repairs. 

 Ship departed again on September 15, 1936, sailing 

 westward to 0°, then south to 53°S., 0°. From 

 there she turned westward on September 28, fol- 

 lowing zigzag course north of 60°S. to South 

 Georgia, arriving October 15. An indirect traverse 

 was then made across Scotia Sea, first northwest, 

 then south to South Orkney Islands, thence west 

 to Clarence Island, making landing, and north to 

 Falkland Islands. In November work carried on 

 between Falkland Islands and Patagonia. Most 

 of December spent in vicinity of South Georgia. 

 In January 1937, topographic and biologic survey 

 made in South Shetland Islands, followed by simi- 

 lar work in South Orkney Islands in February. 

 Final cruise began at South Georgia, sailing south- 

 eastward to the Antarctic Circle, along which zig- 

 zag course was followed to 0°40'E., then north to 

 34°00'S., and eastward to Cape Town, which was 

 reached April 7, 1937. 



1936-37. Norwegian expedition. 

 Leader: Lars Christensen.. Ships: Thorshavn and 

 Firern. 



Summary: Financed by Lars Christensen. Expe- 

 dition left Cape Town December 28, 1936, with in- 

 tention of photographing from the air the coast 

 line of Antarctica from Shackleton Ice Shelf west 

 to Princess Martha Coast. The floating factory 

 Ole Wegger was met on January 14, 1936 in about 

 62°S., 86°E. The plane was transferred next day 

 from the Thorshavn to the whale catcher Firern, 

 as were also Captains Nils Larsen and Klarius 

 Mikkelsen, aviator Viggo Wider0e, and photog- 

 rapher Nils Romnaes. On January 21 Gribb Bank 

 and on January 25 Four Ladies Bank were dis- 

 covered by the Thorshavn. Until January 25, 

 when the Thorshavn joined the Firern, conditions 

 were not entirely favorable. Aerial survey began 

 next day, from 68°05'S., 78°55'E., with two flights 

 in which coast line of Prydz Bay was photographed. 

 On January 28 flights were made from about 

 68°26'S., 70°03'E. in MacKenzie Bay, covering Lars 

 Christensen and Mac-Robertson Coasts to 66°E. 

 Landing was made by a party from the Thorshavn 

 at ScuUin Monolith on January 30. Next day a 

 third series of flights were made from 66°13'S., 

 57°50'E., off Kemp Coast. Two more flights were 



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