GEOGRAPHIC NAMES OF ANTARCTICA 



ANTARCTICA: continent, together with the is- 

 lands rising from the continental block, centering 

 roughly on the South Pole and lying almost wholly 

 within the Antarctic Circle. It is a relatively high 

 and compact mass, and is snow covered except for 

 the protruding peaks of mountains and mountain 

 ranges. Not adopted: Antarctic Continent, Ant- 

 arktika [German]. 



Antarctic Archipelago: see Palmer Archipelago. 



ANTARCTIC BAY: bay about 2 mi. wide which 

 recedes SW. about 4 mi., lying midway between 

 Possession and Fortuna Bays along the N. coast 

 of South Georgia; in 54°06'S., 36°57'W. Probably 

 first sighted by a Br. exp. under Cook in 1775. It 

 was explored in 1902 by members of the SwedAE, 

 under Nordenskjold, who named it for their ship, 

 the Antarctic. 



Antarctic Continent: see Antarctica. 



ANTARCTIC CONVERGENCE: a line encircling 

 Antarctica where the cold, northward-flowing Ant- 

 arctic waters sink beneath the relatively warmer 

 water of the sub-Antarctic. The line is actually 

 a zone approximately 20 to 30 miles wide, varying 

 somewhat in latitude in different longitudes, ex- 

 tending across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian 

 Oceans between the 48th and 61st parallels of south 

 latitude. The precise location at any given place 

 and time is made evident by the sudden change in 

 surface temperature which averages five to ten de- 

 grees Fahrenheit. Although this zone is a mobile 

 one, it usually does not stray more than half a 

 degree of latitude from its mean position. This 

 line, like the tree line of the north, is a natural 

 boundary rather than one derived from reasoning. 

 It not only separates two hydrological regions, but 

 also separates areas of distinctive marine life asso- 

 ciations and of different climates. The South 

 Shetland Is., South Orkney Is., South Sandwich 

 Is., South Georgia, Bouvet I., Heard I. and Mc- 

 Donald Is. all lie south of the Antarctic Conver- 

 gence. The Kerguelen Is. lie approximately on the 

 Convergence; the Falkland Is., Prince Edward Is., 

 Crozet Is. and Macquarie I. lie north of the Con- 

 vergence. 



ANTARCTIC POINT: point which marks the W. 

 side of the entrance to Antarctic Bay, on the N. 

 coast of South Georgia; in 54°04'S., 36°58'W. 

 Charted in the period 1926-30 by DI personnel, who 

 named it after nearby Antarctic Bay. 



ANTARCTIC SOUND: body of water about 30 

 mi. long and from 6 to 12 mi. wide, separating the 

 Joinville I. group from the NE. end of Palmer Pen.; 

 in 63°20'S., 56°45'W. The sound was named by 



the SwedAE under Nordenskjold for the exp. ship 

 Antarctic which in 1902, under the command of 

 Capt. C. A. Larsen, was the first vessel to navigate it. 



Antarctic Tetons: see Lyttelton Ridge. 



Antarktika: see Antarctica. 



Antarktiske Arkipel: see Palmer Archipelago. 



ANTHONY GLACIER: glacier which flows in an 

 ESE. direction to the E. coast of Palmer Pen. where 

 it terminates opposite the S. tip of Hearst I.; in 

 69°48'S., 62°39'W. The upper part of this glacier 

 was seen by a sledge party of the BGLE under 

 Rymill in 1936-37. The glacier was seen from the 

 seaward side in 1940 by a sledging party from East 

 Base of the USAS, and in 1947 was photographed 

 from the air by the RARE under Ronne. Named 

 by Ronne for Alexander Anthony of the J. P. 

 Stevens Co., New York, which contributed wind- 

 proof clothing to the RARE. 



Antwerpen Insel: Antwerp Island: see Anvers 

 Island. 



ANVERS ISLAND: largest island in the Palmer 

 Arch., lying off the W. coast of Palmer Pen., from 

 which it is separated by De Gerlache Str.; in 

 64°30'S., 63^30'W. Named in 1898 by the BelgAE 

 under De Gerlache after the province of Anvers, 

 Belgium. Not adopted: Antwerpen Insel [Ger- 

 man] , Antwerp Island. 



ANVIL ROCK: rock which lies in the Argentine 

 Is., between Grotto I. and the SE. end of the Horse- 

 shoe Is., off the W. coast of Palmer Pen.; in 65°14'S., 

 64°17'W. Charted and named in 1935 by the 

 BGLE under Rymill. The name is descriptive. 



ANVIL STACKS: two conspicuous sea stacks 

 which lie close S. of the entrance to Elephant Bay, 

 off the S. coast and near the W. end of South 

 Georgia; in 54°10'S., 37°45'W. The name "Ele- 

 phant Bay Islands," derived from the nearby Ele- 

 phant Bay, has been used locally for this feature by 

 some South Georgia sealers. The descriptive name 

 Anvil Stacks, a less cumbersome name, was ap- 

 plied by the SGS following their survey in 1951-52. 

 Not adopted: Elephant Bay Islands. 



APFEL GLACIER: channel glacier about 5 mi. 

 wide and 20 mi. long, flowing NW. along the S. 

 flank of Bunger Hills and terminating in Edisto 

 Ice Tongue, near the junction of Queen Mary and 

 Knox Coasts; in about 66°25'S., 101°00'E. Delin- 

 eated from aerial photographs taken by USN Op. 

 Hjp., 1946-47, and named by the US-ACAN for 

 Earl T. Apfel, prof, of geology at Syracuse Univ., 

 who served as geologist with the USN Op. Wml. 



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