COUNTER-CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 181 



Captain Bryant further alludes to another cause of death 

 of young seals as follows: 



When the sun shines for two or three honrs, and the rocks become "Monograph 

 heated, there are occasional deaths among the beach-masters and very °^ North Amerl- 

 young pups from sunstroke, the symptoms being a nervous jerking of p''^4og '°°^I*®"^' 

 the limbs, followed by convulsions and death. Fortunately these 

 occurrences are rare, and it was only in 1874 that any appreciable 

 number were lost from this cause. That year many young seals died 

 about the Ist August. 



Again, in his Monograph, submitted in 1880, Elliott united states 

 refers to the destruction of large numbers of pups by ^^^g^"^ Report, 

 October gales. ^' 



The British Commissioners were likewise informed by British com- 

 Mr. D. Webster, who has been for many years on thep„\^t,'par"'328.^' 

 Pribyloff Islands, that in one year "in the seventies" he 

 had seen the beaches at north-east point of St. Paul Island 

 "strung with dead pups." 



It is clear, therefore, that the statements of witnesses 

 especially quoted by the United States Case, who speak 

 from past recollection only, are not in accordance with 

 facts. 



DESTRUCTION OF "PUPS" DUE TO RAIDS. 



Eaids made upon the breeding rookeries may also be cited 

 as a cause of death of young seals, and that such raids 

 have been frequent is elsewhere shown. In respect to the 

 destructive effect of raids upon the young seals, one of the 

 witnesses cited by the United States may be quoted. Mr. 

 I. M. Lenard says: 



When on a raid we would watch for a favourable opportunity to United States 

 make a landing, and then kill male and female fur-seals indiscrimi- Case, Appendix, 

 nately. Probably for every 500 marketable skins secured, double that ^'°^- "• P 2^^* 

 number of pups were destroyed. 



210 EVIDENCE CITED BY THE UNITED STATES TO SHOW 

 PROGRESSIVE INCREASE OF DEATH OF "PUPS" 

 WITH DEVELOPMENT OF PELAGIC SEALING, 

 WHOLLY RETROSPECTIVE. 



From the year 1884 onward, it is maintained in the case United states 

 of the United States that the number of dead pups be- case, pp 213, 2u. 

 came considerable, and increased annually; but three wit- 

 nesses only are specially cited in supi)ort of this contention, 

 Messrs. Morgan, Loud, and Hereford. Nothing on this 

 matter seems to be found in the annual reports of the Gov- 

 ernment officials on the islands in these years, though it 

 must be admitted to have been important to the interests 

 which these agents were there to guard. The affidavits of 

 these gentlemen, speaking to the precise numbers of dead 

 pups in a long series of years, and making out that these 

 tally exactly with the numbers of females taken by the 

 pelagic hunters, are all dated in April 1892. 



