COUNTER-CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 251 



Thus, the skins tLey obtain are those of females, which are either still 



with pnps or are sucklint;; their young. Moreover, the process implies 



disturbance of the breeding rookeries, the scaring of the seals during 



their breeding time, male, female, and young, and the stampeding of Seealso United 



whole rookeries, whereby, without doubt, there ensues that great ^*^*|?.^^oY'ii u' 



killing of helpless pups Avhich we have already reported we observed ^^^^ • • ' ^• 



in certain rookeries. 



ABSENCE OF PROPER PRECAUTIONS IN 1892. 



That tlie protection from raids lias not been materially Appendix, vol. 

 improved even in 1892 is shown by the fact mentioned by ^' pp- 1^=^- 1^*- 

 Mr. Macouu, that there were no gnards stationed at rook- 

 eries on St. Paul Island except at North-east Point, and 

 that after the middle of August the telephone line connect- 

 ing this place with the village was continuously out of 

 order. The only rookery on St. George Island on which 

 there was a guard was Zapadnie, and there the guard 

 consisted of an Aleut man and a boy. 



TWO LISTS OF RAIDS IN UNITED STATES CASE DO NOT 

 CORRESPOND, AND BOTH ARE INCOMPLETE. 



The statistics furnished in the Case of the United States ^^^f^f ^^f^ 

 on this subject comprise lists compiled by the United States vou, p. Mirand 

 Treasury Department and by Mr. M. Heilbronner, Secretary Appendix, vol. u, 

 of the Alaska Commercial Company. It so happens, how- 

 ever, that these lists in themselves afford an excellent index 

 of the exceedingly imperfect knowledge of both the Govern- 

 ment and the Company as to the actual frequency of raids 

 upon the islands. The Treasury Department list 

 294 records eleven raids only, between 1874 and 1889, 

 both years inclusive; while the Company's list shows 

 no more than six raids in the same period, and one of these 

 is not enumerated in the Treasury hst. The list of detected 

 raids here subjoined shows about thirty in the same years, 

 of which fifteen are recorded in various official Eeports to 

 the United States Government. 



LIST OF ACTUALLY RECORDED RAIDS FROM 1874 TO 1891. 



The following list, however, merely includes known raids 

 since 1874: 



1874.— Raid of "Cygnet" on Otter Island, 30th August, 1874.— 

 (Wm. J. Mclntyre, H. R., Ex. Doc. No. 83, 44th Congress, Ist Session, 

 p. 129.) 



Raid of " Cygnet" on St. George Island, Ist September, 1874.— (Wm. 

 J. Mclntyre, H. R., Ex. Doc. No. 83, 44th Congress, 1st Session, p. 125.) 



1875._" San Diego" raided Otter Island in 1875 and took 1,600 

 skins. — (United States Case, vol. i, p. 519.) 



" Cygnet" raided St. George Island, 1875.— (Report of British Com- 

 missioners.) 



1876._" Cygnet" and " Ocean Spray " raided Otter Island 2l8t June, 

 1876. — (Report of British Commissioners.) 



1877._In 1877 the '-'Industry" is recorded to have touched at St. 

 George Island for the purpose of taking seals. (Report upon Alaska 

 and its people. Bailey, p. 13.) 



1880.— Great East Rookery, St. George Island, raided 1880.— (Web- 

 ster in Report of British Commissioners, paragraph 742.) 



1881.— Otter Island raided between April and August 1881. [Tay- 

 lor reached island in April and left in August.] (W. B. Taylor in 

 H. R. Report No. 3883, 50th Congress, 2nd Session, pp. 54, 109.) 



