APPENDIX TO COUNTER-CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 339 



sia any strong liquors, the cause of ignorant people, or, which is of still 

 all evil among unenlightened peo- greater importance, weapons of any 

 pies, and, what is still more impor- kind. In this manner, after fifteen 

 taut, they agree to abstain from years of long-protracted and fruit- 

 selling them auy fire-arms. Here- less endeavours, having now hap- 

 by we have been fortunate enough pily attained the object of a dfticult 

 to abolish, by means of diplomacy, negotiation, we have for ever re- 

 at one stroke the principal cause o± moved the chief cause of those 

 all disorders and bloodshed in that disorders, quarrels, and bloodshed 

 distant country, and we have thus which have hitherto prevailed in 

 laid the foundation for the j)eace- that region, I would go further, 

 able existence of our Colonies. In and say that by this, perhaps, the 

 Ariicle IV we i)ermit the American first solid foundation has been laid 

 States to carry on, for a period not to the peaceful existence of our 

 exceeding ten years, trading and Colonies. In Article IV we allow 

 fishing in localities situate within the American States, though for no 

 our possessions. To this clause, longer than ten years, to trade and 

 advantageous to them, our Cabinet fish in places within our dominions j 

 found itself obliged to consent for to this proviso, so advantageous to 

 two very important reasons. First, them, our Cabinet was obliged to 

 because the Government of the consent on two considerations of 

 JSTorth American Eepublic, not un- equal cogency. Firstly, because the 

 reasonably, demanded an equiva- Government of the Xorth Ameri- 

 lent for the great advantages can Eepublic — not without founda- 

 31 conceded to us in other Arti- tion — demanded remuneration for 

 cles of the Convention, es- the very considerable advantage 

 pecially those of Article V. Second, afforded us under other stipula- 

 because the Americans had been for tions of the Convention, especially 

 some time engaged in this trade and by the conditions of Article V. 

 fishery, which the Company has Secondly, because the Americans 

 thus far been unable to prevent have already for many years past 

 them from doing; and because, on carried on this trade and fishing, 

 the other hand, it was much better which the Company to the present 

 that they should accept as a special time cannot find means to oppose; 

 and temporary privilege from our and, of course, it is more repre- 

 hands what they might come to hensible for the Company to allow 

 look upon as a natural right in them to benefit by these pursuits 

 course of time; since now the as they have hitherto done by, as 

 Americans acknowledge ofiicially it were, a natural and an indefea- 

 that at the expiration of a few sible right, than that they should 

 short years we have the legal carry them on by permission 

 power to entirely prohibit trading granted them by us in a solemn 

 and fishing in that region. Convention, as through this the 



Americans as solemnly recognize 

 that after the expiration of the 

 few prescribed years we shall have 

 the legal right to prohibit both 

 trade and fishing in this region. 

 The Emperor has deigned to ap- His Majesty the Emperor deigned 

 prove the Articles of the Conven- to approve all the stipulations of 

 tion by which the demands and the Convention, in which, so far 

 interests of both Contracting Par- as possible, are reconciled the de- 

 ties have been considered as much mands and interests of both Con- 

 as possible. A close scrutiny of tracting Parties. Having carefully 

 this Convention must lead to the examined this instrument, we have 

 conclusion that under its provi- almost come to the conclusion that 



