586 APPENDIX TO COUNTER-CASE OP GREAT BRITAIN. 



Charles Hartiwen, sixteen years' experience: "I consider it impossi- 

 ble for any expert in skins to infallibly pick out male from female skins 

 after they have been salted and before being dressed, and it is abso- 

 lutely impossible to select from a large number of salted skins those of 

 the cows that had been carrying pup, and had their pups taken from 

 them after death." 



George Wester, thirteen years' experience: "Skins that are in the 

 rough and just taken out of the salt require the most critical scrutiny 

 to tell whether they are males or females, and in my opinion it 

 39 can then be only a matter of guess-work, except in the case of an 

 old bull. In my opinion it is a matter of impossibility, even with 

 the closest scrutiny, for any expert to say that any skin was the skin 

 of a female that had been large with pup, and from which such pup had 

 been cut." 



A. 0. Sutherland has been in the sealing business five or six years, 

 and, in addition to hunting, has purchased large quantities of seal- 

 skins for shipment, and does not believe it possible for any one to say 

 from which sex skins had been taken. 



Norman Hodgson^ hunter on "Corwin": "After the skins are salted 

 I consider it impossible to define the sex of the smaller skins up to 3 

 years. With the old cows and old bulls, of course, an expert can tell, 

 but I consider it quite impossible for any one to say, after skins had 

 been salted, that any particular skin was that of one that had been 

 carrying young, and from which the pup had been cut." 



XIV. — References to Distribution of Seals of different Sexes and Ages at 



Sea. 



John Toionsend. — "All kinds of seals travel together." 



George Roberts has sometimes shot all males in a band, sometimes all 



females, but very seldom. As a rule, males and females are together. 

 J. S. Fanning. — "Generally cows and bulls travel together." 

 William T. Bragg. — "Males and females travel together, and the 



yearlings with them." 



George Dishow. — "Generally the schools were of all kinds of seals 



except the 1- and 2-year-olds, which are generally by themselves either 



ahead or behind." 



Otto Buchholz. — "Younger bulls and cows generally together, and the 



2-year-old pups together, but sometimes all the ages of both sexes are 



found together." 

 James McRae. — "As a rule the males and females go together." 

 William O'Leary. — "Males and females travel together on the coast, 



and mixed with them are the yearlings." 

 F. Campbell. — "Yearlings travel together, sometimes behind the 



others, but the other seals are, as a rule, mixed together." 

 Joseph Brown. — " Males and females, as a rule, travel together." 

 A. R. Bissett. — "Sometimes the seals seem to band together accord- 

 ing to age, but in any large school there are to be found both sexes of 



all ages." 



William Be Witt. — "The bands are made up of males and females, 



young and old." 



