Contents (continued) 
Page 
INtFODUCHON) ce a\sira) sie, \uevousteheroterehatenatcdodateteedenc vetoes leteketorsiersrs eleiohotere elchel VI-23 
Naturevand) Extent) of, the Resourcel rj) -tery-deus lel oledoteli-lole ee olelicloy | \oteteltelre 24 
State of Technological Development ............... 0c. cece ee eee renee 25 
Potential and Importance to the United States ................ 000s eeeee 25 
Importance) of thes Mineralswwrer irr ocmrotyuloke yell ckereuererckereltel mets 25 
Economic Potential of the Resource ...............c ees ee eceees 26 
United Nations Law of the Sea Conference .................002eeeeeee 27 
The Federal Role and Congressional Initiatives ...............02eee0-- 28 
Environmental Aspects of Seabed Mining ...............eeeeceeceeees 28 
Environmental Regulation in an International Arena ............... 29 
Lack of Environmental Effects Information .................+... 29 
State of Knowledge Concerning Possible Impacts .................. 29 
Impacts on the Benthic Environment .................02-0055 30 
Impacts on the Pelagic Environment ...............--+++-05- 31 
INOS Ok IMC > sodeaodsliagdecoocoo cc 0000b00000000¢ 32 
CHAPTER VII: MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
TRENDS IN NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC EFFORT ...................-2005 VII-1 
National and International Trends in R&D Funding ..................22-00- 2 
Trends in Marine Science and Technology Funding ..................--e00- 3 
STRUCTURE OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY— 
PERSPECTIVES ORM DHEVRIBICD eee sme epices solaris viaaschoneralalets 4 
FEDERAL MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ESTABLISHMENT ,. 5 
NationaljResearchvbacilitiest soar ts sete sore ese remeieite vopensveyen suelo yerevenatsieieyetetie 7 
BederalsResearch Paboratontes) ieee oie aie yeser lolelobonedcie ron opoie vel onenenstenersr clive 7 
INOAAt aboratoriess nie ee el ices ene ene mieorgsisiencii oncticles stale tea tee LT 
Laboratories of Other Ocean-Related Agencies .................00- 14 
Wniversity-Related) Waboratonies) Sis cee eek eueteleusictoneiedeielereliojenaiatenetak 14 
he; @ceanographic leech eae ee cece Cer sonmocictere tenet 15 
University National Oceanographic Laboratory System .................- 16 
Underwater Habitats and Submersibles ........... 02.0... e eee eee ee 18 
Habitat and Diving Activities ............. 0. cece ete tees 18 
Submersiblesmechnolocyammme secs ce einai clercietorenena acer 18 
Ocean Engineering and Technology Development ..............2-.2+2-00085 19 
 Pechnology and! Information’ Dransler 3422-2 ss tiene os tos) orello ieee efetever eee ¢ 23 
MARINE RESEARCH PROGRAMS ................- see ee eee c ee eeees 25 
National SciencevRoundationyn asec hee eae ia acnsienebelnusiereneren: 25 
Division of \Oceany Sciences) sae oe ac aoe es seis erie 25 
DivisioniofEarthiSciencesian ars n acer ect crtieerrecen 27 
Division of Atmospheric Sciences ............2.-2 sees cence ences 27 
Division of Polar Programs ...-.-.:....-225.-----+++ esse eceerees 27 
Mhe\SeaiGrant:GollegesPropramiasees nee oo ee ee ieee 27 
Other NOAA Marine Research Programs ..........---eeeeeeeeeeeesee 28 
Navy OceanuSciencesPropramy says eters ners feineticiols tele itotene)ieretoneeatol = 28 
=, Department. of Energy steeds weccne ca cros sok severe ein atteotners ctoie eus 29 
INTERAGENCY COORDINATION OF MARINE SCIENCE 
AND TECHNOL OGYE ies esas feiss sso eels anole aie ere aye achat Ouse letoforerevete 31 
CHAPTER VIII: MARINE EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING 
INTRODUCTION ik oo he ee ee ee ele ei, CAML, BRMINBAd y. atebat as VIII-1 
Presentvand ProjectedvEmployment 2.7 sais citces es ele cede ie sete erectile 1 
aa WevclOpinentotsmedcralyROlen ys selenite cp atiisyol nay sia a vey sy rer seoriare arene uence sts 1 
