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mitigatlve measures intended to protect freshwater resources near the 

 coastline. 



Research Needs 



The long-term persistence of Pleistocene -age water-quality impacts in 

 parts of the Floridan Aquifer indicates that parts of the aquifer system 

 may respond more slowly than expected to changes in head and water quality 

 due to sea level rise, at least in areas where the aquifer is confined and 

 at great depth. Thus, the transient response of the saltwater -freshwater 

 interface in deep confined aquifers needs to be better understood to 

 determine whether the predicted sea level rise will have any significant 

 impact on such systems. Also, many of the analytical and numerical models 

 in the literature are limited to describing the location of the 

 saltwater- freshwater interface under equilibrium conditions, or they do not 

 describe in detail the response to mitigative measures. Thus, an 

 evaluation of the analytical and numerical models in the literature to 

 determine which existing models can be used to investigate transient 

 conditions and various protective measures is needed. In addition, the 

 large number of case histories and descriptions of protective measures 

 could be analyzed systematically to evaluate the effectiveness of these 

 measures and provide guidelines for site-specific applications in areas 

 where saltwater intrusion is expected to be a significant problem. 



REFERENCES 



Bear, J. (1979). Hydraulics of Groundwater, McGraw-Hill, New York. 



Brooks, C.E.P. (1970). Climate Through the Ages, Second Revised 

 Edition, Dover Publications, New York. 



Brown, D.P. (1984). "Impact of development on availability and quality of 

 ground water in Eastern Nassau County, Florida, and Southeastern 

 Camden County, Georgia," U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

 Investigations Report 83-4190, Tallahassee, Florida. 



Cooper, H.R., Jr. (1964). "A hypothesis concerning the dynamic balance of 

 fresh water and salt water in a coastal aquifer," in "Sea Water in 

 Coastal Aquifers," U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1613-C, 

 C1-C12. 



