of the water in the South Equatorial Current comes from water masses 

 to the south but a considerable part comes from the upvelling region 

 to the northeast of Australia during the late summer and part comes 

 from the Timor Sea. 



By December^ northeast monsoon conditions are established^ and 

 the current system of the northeast Indian Ocean has undergone a com- 

 plete change. The axis of the South Equatorial Current no longer 

 reaches the coast of Java but has shifted to the south of 10 °S lati- 

 tude. Tills condition allows a strong eastward flowing current to 

 develop off the south coast of Java. This Java Coastal Current 

 reaches its strongest development in February, when it is reinforced 

 by vest winds. There also appears to be a temporary weak upwelling 

 along the boundary between the Java Coastal Current and the South 

 Equatorial Current. The Java Coastal Current remains steady until 

 June and, therefore, It is believed that it is caused by the dynamic 

 topography of the sea surface rather than by winds. 



In February the South Equatorial Current rises off the vest 

 coast of Australia and as it flows toward the north a divergence Is 

 cavised by a branching off of one part of the current which flovs 

 toward the Timor Sea. The main axis of the South Equatorial Current 

 turns west from the northwest corner of Australia and is joined by 

 the water masses of the Counter Current which have been deflected 

 southward around Sumatra. The current charts for the month of 

 August (Fig. 8) and February (Fig. 9) demonstrate the great changes 

 vhlch take place in the circulation of the northeast Indian Ocean 

 betveen the heights of the southwest monsoon and northeast monsoon, 

 respectively. 



^Ibid, p. 21. 

 26 



