528 
begun, and there is much scope for study of the periodic 
winds associated with both the solar and the lunar daily 
atmospheric oscillations. 
In all these fields it is desirable to extend the search 
to the minor periodic components, such as the lunar 
diurnal tide, and the components associated with the 
changing distance of the moon.’ 
On the theoretical side also there is much scope for 
further work; the existing theory will need to be revised 
as our knowledge of the temperature-height distribu- 
tion in the upper atmosphere advances through rocket 
investigations and in other ways; it will also need 
to be extended to take account of the nonuniform geo- 
graphical distribution of temperature and of its height 
distribution in different regions. Moreover, the regional 
anomalies in the distribution of the lunar tide, as shown 
by the barometric variations, require quantitative ex- 
planation, including calculations of the effects of land 
and sea distribution as suggested by Wulf and Nichol- 
son. 
REFERENCES 
1. Atry, G. B., Greenwich Meteorological Reductions, 1854— 
1873, Barometer. London, 1877. (See pp. 10, 14, 30) 
2. Aur, E., “Die Doppeloszillation des Barometers, ins- 
besondere im arktischen Gebiete.’’ Meteor. Z., 26: 
145-164 (1909). 
3. Ancor, A., ‘Etude sur la marche diurne du barométre.”’ 
Ann. Bur. météor. Fr. (1887). 
4. AppieToN, E. V., and Beynon, W. J. G., “‘Lunar Tidal 
Oscillations in the Ionosphere.’’ Nature, 162: 486 (1948). 
5. —— ‘Lunar Oscillations in the D-Layer of the Iono- 
sphere.”’ Natwre, 164: 308 (1949). 
6. AppLeron, E. V., and Werxss, K., “On Lunar Tides in 
the Upper Atmosphere.” Proc. roy. Soc., (A) 171: 171-— 
187 (1939). 
7. Barrens, J., ‘Zur Berechnung der taglichen Luftdruck- 
schwankungen.” Ann. Hydrogr., Berl., 51: 153-160 (1923). 
8. —— “Der lokale Anteil in der taglichen Luftdruck- 
schwankung.”’ Beitr. Phys. frei. Atmos., 11: 51-60 
(1923). 
9. —— “Zur tiiglichen Luftdruckschwankung im Siidpolar- 
gebiet.”’ Veroff. preuss. meteor. Inst., Ber., 1920-3, Nr. 
320, SS. 101-119 (1924). 
10. —— “Barometrische Messung der Hochseegezeiten.”’ 
Ann. Hydrogr., Berl., 54: 222-227, 270-273 (1926). 
11. “On the Determination of Minute Periodic Varia- 
tions.’’ Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 52: 173-176 (1926). 
12. “Uber die atmosphirischen Gezeiten.”’ Veréff. preuss. 
meteor. Inst., Abh., Bd. 8, Nr. 9, 51 SS. (1927). 
13. —— “Schwingungen der Atmosphare.” Naturwissen- 
schaften, 15: 860-865 (1927). 
14. —— “Gezeitenerscheinungen in der Atmosphare.” Z. 
Geophys., 4: 1-17 (1928). 
15. —— ‘‘Gezeitenschwingungen der Atmosphare.”’ Handb. 
Exper. Physik, Leipzig, W. Wren, F. Harms, Usgbr., 
Bd. 25, Teil 1, SS. 161-210 (1928). 
16. —— ‘‘Tides in the Atmosphere.” Sci. Mon., 35: 110-130 
(1932). 
7. Such studies of magnetic and meteorological data are 
being fostered by a joint committee of the International Asso- 
ciation of Meteorology, and the International Association of 
Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity (of the International 
Union for Geodesy and Geophysics). 
DYNAMICS OF THE ATMOSPHERE 
17. —— “‘Berechnung der lunaren atmosphirischen Gezeiten 
aus Terminablesungen am Barometer.” Beitr. Geophys., 
54: 56-75 (1939). 
18. —— ‘‘Sonnen- und mondentigige Luftdruckschwankung- 
en,’’ Lehrbuch der Meteorologie. HANN-Strine, 5. Aufl., 
Bd. I, Leipzig, W. Keller, 1938. (See pp. 276-306) 
19. —— und Fansexuau, G., ‘‘Geophysikalischer Mond-Al- 
manach.” Z. Geophys., 13: 311-328 (1937). 
20. —— ‘‘Geophysikalische Mondtafeln 1850-1975.”” Geophys. 
Inst. Potsdam, Abh. Nr. 2, 44 SS. (1938). Also ‘“Geophys- 
ical Lunar Almanac.” Terr. Magn. atmos. Elect., 43: 
155-158 (1938). 
21. Braue, J., “‘An Account of Some Mercurial Observations 
Made with a Barometer, and Their Results.’’ (A letter 
to H. Oldenburg.) Phil. Trans. roy. Soc. London, 1: 
153-159, 163-166 (1665-66). 
22. Beresma, P. A., “Lunar Atmospheric Tide.’’ Obsns. 
magn. meteor. Obs. Batavia, 1: 19-25 (1871). (Contains 
meteorological observations for 1866 to 1868.) Calcula- 
tions of this type, for individual years, carried out in 
routine fashion, have been published for the 40 years 
1866-1905. See also summary for these years in Vol. 28 
(for 1905), pp. 102 ff., published in 1907. 
23. —— ‘Lunar Atmospheric Tide,”’ ‘‘Influence of the Moon’s 
Phases on the Mean Daily Barometric Pressure,’ and 
“Influence of the Moon’s Phases on the Temperature 
of the Air.’’ Obsns. magn. meteor. Obs. Batavia, 3: 37*- 
40*, 69*-71* (1878). (Contains meteorological observa- 
tions for 1874 and 1875.) 
23a. BsERKNES, J., ‘“Atmospheric Tides.” J. mar. Res., 7: 154— 
162 (1948). 
24. BORNSTEIN, R., ‘‘Hine Beziehung zwischen dem Luftdruck 
und dem Stundenwinkel des Mondes.”’ Meteor. Z., 8: 
161-170 (1891). 
25. —— “Bemerkungen iiber die halbtagige Luftdruck- 
schwankung im arktischen Gebiete.”’ Meteor. Z., 26: 
519-521 (1909). 
26. BuRKARD, O., “‘Gezeiten in der oberen Ionosphare.” 
Terr. Magn. atmos. Elect., 53: 273-277 (1948). 
27. CHapmaNn, S., ‘‘An Example of the Determination of a 
Minute Periodic Variation, as Illustrative of the Law of 
Errors.”’ Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 78: 635-638 (1918). 
28. —— ‘“‘The Lunar Atmospheric Tide at Greenwich, 1854— 
1917.”’ Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 44: 271-280 (1918). 
29. —— “The Lunar Tide in the Earth’s Atmosphere.” 
Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 45: 113-137 (1919). 
30. —— ‘‘The Lunar Atmospheric Tide at Mauritius and 
Tiflis.”’ Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 50: 99-112 (1924). 
31. —— “The Semidiurnal Oscillation of the Atmosphere.” 
Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 50: 165-193 (1924). 
32. —— “On the Determination of the Lunar Atmospheric 
Tide.” Z. Geophys., 6: 396-420 (1930). 
33. —— “The Lunar Atmospheric Tide at Kimberley (1896—- 
1915).’? Mem. R. meteor. Soc., 4: 29-83 (1932). 
34. —— “On the Theory of the Lunar Tidal Variation of 
Atmospheric Temperature.”’ Mem. R. meteor. Soc., 4: 
35-40 (1932). 
35. —— “Tides in the Atmosphere.” J. Lond. math. Soc., 
7: 68-80 (1932). 
36. —— “The Lunar Diurnal Variation of Atmospheric 
Temperature at Batavia, 1866-1928.”” Proc. roy. Soc., 
(A) 137: 1-24 (1932). 
37. —— ‘The Lunar Atmospheric Tide at Honolulu, 1905- 
1924.” Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 61: 189-194 (1935). 
38. —— ‘“‘The Lunar Atmospheric Tide over Canada, 1897 to 
1932.” Quart. J. R. meteor. Soc., 61: 359-365 (1935). 
