1002 
the great variety of microclimates by building an ever 
more dense network of observing stations. Moreover, 
since the essential characteristics of microclimates are 
repeated everywhere, it suffices to study them in special 
experimental areas. This was done, for imstance, by 
Sclimidt [27] in Austria with a special climatic network 
near Lunz, which achieved world-wide fame. Similar 
networks were previously and subsequently constructed 
in Germany. The knowledge of microclimatic types ob- 
tained in such experimental fields may be applied to 
unknown regions located in the same macroclimate. 
Furthermore, the necessity for working in small 
spaces requires the creation of a special field of im- 
strumentation to provide instruments which will not 
affect natural conditions and which are capable of mak- 
ing accurate measurements even near the ground, with 
inadequate natural ventilation, and often in the pres- 
ence of intense radiation (both direct and reflected). 
We might agree with Thornthwaite [31] that “imstru- 
mentation remains the basic problem of the investiga- 
tion.” In microclimatology as well as in other sciences, 
the development of new measuring instruments has 
stimulated research to advance by leaps and bounds. 
Thus, in addition to the experimental fields mentioned 
above, in which geographic considerations are the most 
essential, microclimatology also requires experimental 
areas well equipped with instruments, perhaps attached 
to observatories or universities. An excellent example of 
such a setup is the laboratory of climatology of the 
Johns Hopkins University in New Jersey, under Thorn- 
thwaite. 
Finally, we might point out that it is of the greatest 
importance to the development of microclimatology 
that future research be conducted in the largest pos- 
sible variety of the macroclimates of the earth. Our 
knowledge has already been extended greatly by the 
numerous measurements made in India by Ramdas, 
Ramanathan, and others, as well as by the observations 
which Haude [2, 14] made during the last Sven Hedin 
expedition in the Gobi Desert; scattered measurements 
made in tropical, arid, and arctic regions have raised 
many new questions. Here lies a great future for basic 
research in microclimatology. 
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