Coagulation, effect in nuclei destruction, 
Cold fronts, ‘‘back-door,’’ anticyclones 
and, 627 
laboratory investigations, 1238 
Collector, electrical field conditions 
produced by, 149 
flame, 148 
point, 148 
radioactive, 148 
water-dropper, 148 
measurement of discharge of electro- 
static induction by, 148 
Collision, de-excitation by, 267 
excitation by, 267 
-interval, 268 
Compatibility, equations of, 422 
Compression waves, 425 
Condensation, atmospheric, nuclei of, 
182 
see also Condensation nuclei 
below OC, 174 
initial phase, 169 
Condensation mechanism, relation of ice 
clouds to, 197 
Condensation nuclei 
nuclei 
Condensation nuclei, 165 
and gas reactions, 186 
atmospheric, pH, determination, 1131 
combination of small ions with, 123 
condensation effect, 182 
destruction processes, 188 
determining, 1127 
discovery of, 165 
distribution of, 168 
effect of pressure changes on, 186 
electrostatic charges on, 187 
formation in smoke, 186 
growth, 185 
hygroscopic, 166 
materials forming, 166 
measurement, 148 
methods, 182 
mechanical sources, 187 
nature, 165 
nonhygroscopic, 166 
number of, 168, 182 
optical effects, 188 
physical state, 183 
sea salts as, 166 
size, 167, 182 
measurement of, 167 
size distribution, 167 
size range, 183 
sources, 165 
Condensation, on cloud elements, 204 
Condenser, aspiration, 147 
limiting mobility, 147 
Conductivity, atmospheric, 
ment, 146 
electrical, of air, 102 
Cone of escape, 247 
Conrad’s minor sea breeze, 658 
Constant-pressure terminology, 773 
Continental drift, hypothesis of, 1012 
Contour microclimates, 997 
Contrast, reduction by atmosphere, 92 
Convection, cellular, 203, 1255 
effect of shear, 1258 
heat gain by atmosphere through, 
1065 
heat loss from oceans through, 1064 
laboratory investigations, 1255 
natural, 507 
problem of, 506 
theory, 1256 
free, laboratory experiments on, 1253 
Convergence lines, 874 
Cooling power, 1115 
Cooling temperature, 1115 
Coordinate systems, perturbation equa- 
tions for, 410 
see also Aitken- 
measure - 
INDEX 
Coriolis force, effect on flow under in- 
version, 432 
Corona, 380 
and related phenomena, 71 
maxima, 72 
Corpuscular theory, of aurorae, 351 
Cosmical meteorology, 377 
Cosmic radiation, and ions, 103 
lunar tidal variations of, 521 
Craig, calculations of heating and cool- 
ing in ozone layer, 299 
Crop yields, weather conditions and, 988 
Cryology, 1048 
Crystalline frost, 207 
cup erystal, 207 
dendritic crystal, 207 
feather-like form, 207 
needle form, 207 
plate crystal, 207 
Cumulonimbus, ice phase development 
in, 194 
liquid-water concentration, 1199 
Cumulus 
convection, 694 
predicting, 700 
development, convectively unstable 
air and, 699 
prediction, 699 
research needed, 700 
surface heating and, 699 
effect of cloud seeding on, 239 
entrainment, 694 
concept, 695 
growth, 697 
ice phase development in, 194 
increased precipitation from, by cloud 
seeding, 232 
liquid-water concentration, 1199 
mixing, concept, 695 
solid precipitation from, 223 
Cup crystal frost, 207 
Curie unit, 155 
Current, continuous, 
discharges, 138 
electric, air-earth, 113 
lightning discharges, 139 
ohmic, 146 
peaks, of lightning discharges, dura- 
tion of, 140 
wave shapes of, in lightning dis- 
charges, 140 
saturation, 147 
semi-saturation, 147 
vertical, in thunderstorms, 150 
Current circuit, for electrometers, 144 
Cyclogenesis, 618, 770 
in extratropical latitudes, and hydro- 
dynamie instability, 442 
Cyclolysis, 780 
Cyclones, see also Disturbances 
and long upper waves, 605 
Antarctic, 922 
deepening, change of vorticity field, 
612 
with lightning 
degeneration, 778 
developing, kinetic energy for, 545 
development, basic equations, 465 
of individual, 608 
quantitative theory, 404 
dynamic instability, 584 
extratropical, 577 
aerology of, 599 
critical eccentricity, 578 
dynamics of simplified models, 577 
friction layer of closed vortex, 579 
frontal wave movement, 582 
frontogenesis, 590 
inertial motion in isentropic sur- 
faces, 583 
instability line in, 648 
pressure changes, theory of, 577 
profile of cold front, 594 
profile of warm front, 594 
profile through frontogenesis, 593 
1321 
Cyclones—continued 
extratropical—continued 
slowing down, 580 
structure of maturing frontal, 595 
surface pressure tendency, 577 
synopue evolution of upper layers, 
58 
synoptic example, 587 
temperature distribution, 580 
thermal structure, 577 
three-dimensional movement in, 610 
upper-air divergence, 597 
vorticity analysis, 582 
westerlies associated with, 579 
westerly wave of upper atmosphere, 
583 
families, 608 
frontogenesis, 618 
generation, 778 
high-level, 616 
formation, 612 
laboratory investigations, 1236 
mature, pressure distribution, 611 
movement, forecasting, cirrus-cloud 
movement and, 1171 
problem, remarks on, 618 
systems, laboratory investigations, 
1238 
tropical, see also Tropical cyclones 
permanent circular vortex and, 448 
upper streamlines, decrease of vortic- 
ity along, 611 
wave, pressure distribution, 611 
with instability line, 648 
Cyclonic circulation, during occlusion 
process, 610 
perturbations, and long upper waves, 
60 
wind shear, and instability line, 649 
D 
Dalton’s law, 320 
Dark and bright segments, movement, 74 
Dark segment, 73 
height at various sun depressions, 75 
schematic version, 75 
Dart leader, 136 
De-excitation, by collision, 267 
radiation with, 267 
Dendritic crystal frost, 207 
Dendrochronology, 1024; see also Tree 
ring indices 
changing drought areas, 1028 
cycle analysis, 1028 
dry and wet years, 1028 
errors of interpretation, 1025 
history, 1024 
long-term climatic fluctuations, 1028 
methods, 1025 
possible errors, 1025 
principles, 1024 
relation to neighboring sciences, 1025 
research needed, 1029 
Deposit gauge, for measuring atmos- 
pheric pollution, 1139 é 
Diabatic processes, changes in relative 
height associated with, 784 _ 
Dielectric materials, used in measuring 
instruments, 144 
Diffusion, atmospheric, 320, 492, 1140 
eddy, 821, 501 
horizontal coefficients of, 330 
effect in nuclei destruction, 189 
effects of sinks, 325 
effects of sources, 325 
equation of 322, 503 
forced electromagnetic fields and, 323 
from continuous point source, 503, 
1140 
from multiple sources, 503, 1146 
in the vertical, steady conditions, 323 
unsteady conditions, general equa- 
tion, 327 
