1334 
Vorticity—continued 
transport hypothesis, in turbulent air 
flow, 496 
Voss polariscope, 81 
WwW 
Warm layer, ozone and, 287 
Water, cloud modification by, 230 
droplets, liquid, scattering of solar 
radiation by, 24 
-dropper collector, 148 
exchange of energy in a latent form of, 
purity, effect on double-layer phe- 
nomena, 131 
resources, estimating, 1045 
still, freezing of, 207 
supercooled, in clouds, 173 
supply forecasting, 1053 
turbulent, freezing, 207 
vapor, absorption spectral, of solar 
radiation by, 20 
albedo, 26 
distribution, in troposphere, 315 
in upper atmosphere, 314 
effect in scattering solar radiation, 22 
effect on radiation diagrams, 37 
effect on radiation in stratosphere, 46 
in upper atmosphere, 311 
infrared spectra, 296 
radiation, cooling of atmosphere by, 43 
structure, of an anticyclone, 316 
upper atmosphere, determination by 
aircraft ascents, 313 
measurement, 311 
variations, in density, 8 
Waterfall effect, 131 
Waterspouts, 679 
Waves, barotropic, stability, 462 
blocking, in planetary jet stream, 4382 
complex, under inversion, 425 
compression, 423, 425 
easterly, structure, 869 
expansion, 423 
and pressure jump, interaction be- 
tween, 428 
gravity, atmospheric perturbation 
and, 445 
inertial, atmospheric perturbation 
and, 445 
long, on a rotating plane, 415 
long upper, cyclonic perturbations 
and, 607 
horizontal dimensions, 606 
prognosis based on, 786 
motions, in compressible atmosphere, 
number, 264 
ocean, as a meteorological tool, 1090 
characteristics, predicted and ob- 
served, 1086 
decay relationships, 1085 
direction measurement, 1093 
forecasting, 1082 
problems, 1087 
frequency-spectrum method applied 
to forerunners of swell, 1091 
future research needed, 1099 
generation relationships, 1084 
height, significant, 1086 
height-period, applied to visible 
swell, 1090 
instrumentation, 1091 
interpretation of records, 1093 
measurement, 1091 
origin, 1092 
period, comparison of storm path 
with, 1096 
significant, 1086 
propagation diagrams, 1094 
instrumentation, 1098 
methods, 1098 
range, 1099 
storm intensity, 1099 
storm location by, 1098 
INDEX 
Waves—continued 
ocean—continued 
recording mechnnism, 1093 
significant, forecasting, 
tions, 1083 
spectrograms of, 1094 
spectrum, 1086 
steepness, relation to wave, age, 1086 
storm surge method of forecasting 
swells, 1098 
surface weather map and relation 
to, 1094 
pressure, Antarctic, 926 
shape of current peaks, in lightning 
discharges, 140 
shear, atmospheric perturbation and, 
445 
computa- 
simple, 423 
under inversion, 425 
sound, atmospheric perturbation and, 
44 
Weather, control of, 229 
frontal, forecasting, 650 
glacial-interglacial sequences, 381 
ozone and, 284 
relationship of circulation to, 809 
Weather anomalies, consecutive, correla- 
tion between, 817 
persistence tendencies, 817 
repetition tendencies, 817 
successive in distant regions, correla- 
tions between, 818 
Weather changes, anomalous, solar 
energy variations and, 379 
Weather conditions, crop yields and, 988 
varying, effect on cloud radiation, 43 
prediction of various, 787 
Weather fluctuations, abnormal, 383 
climatic, 382 
daily, 383 
geographical pattern, 381 
geological, 381 
periodic character, 381 
secular, 383 
Briickner cycle, 383 
climatic, solar hypothesis, 386 
theories, 385 
factors controlling, 384 
geological, solar hypothesis, 385 
theories, 384 
intra-century, solar hypothesis, 386 
monthly, solar hypothesis, 387 
postglacial, solar hypothesis, 386 
seasonal, solar hypothesis, 387 
secular, solar hypothesis, 386 
solar hypothesis, 385 
sunspot cycle, 383 
weekly, solar hypothesis, 387 
week-to-week, theories, 385 
Weather forecasting see Forecasting 
Weather insurance, 981 
Weather key-days, 826 
and weather development, 826 , 
Weather map analysis, see Meteorologi- 
cal analysis 
Weather observation, aircraft, 707 
Antarctic stations, 708 
Arctic stations, 708 
ships’ reports, 706 
tropics, 709 
world, gaps in, 705 
world network, 705 
Weather spectra, long-term predictable, 
852 
Weather stations, automatic, 1217 
Weather types, and clouds, 1175 
catalogue, 839 
use in analogue selection, 839 
extended-range forecasting by, 834 
meridional flow, 835 
schematic diagrams, 836 
zonal flow, 835 
Weger aspirator, 147 
West wind, anticyclonic shear, upper 
limit, 604 
West wind—continued 
zone, temperature, 599 
wind distribution, 599 
Westerlies, and anticyclones, 623 
baroclinic, middle latitude, 578 
disturbances, formation of, 605 
eddy motion, 838 
geostrophic, average distribution, 601 
mid-troposphere, 561 
orographiec disturbances, 605 
thermodynamic disturbances, 605 
Waves associated with cyclones, 579 
zonal current disturbances, 605 
Wet-bulb thermometer temperature and 
equivalent temperature, 533 
Wheat stem rust, transport in atmos- 
phere, 1108 
Whirlwinds, 678 
Wilson test-plate, 149 
Wind see also Breeze 
bora, 669 ¥ 
circulation, tropical cyclones, 889 
conditions, in microclimate, 996 
distribution, in west-wind zone, 599 
during a pressure jump, 427 
effect on atmospheric pollution, 1146 
field, environmental, effect on thunder- 
storms, 688 
in thunderstorms, 684 
representative, effect on diffusion 
processes, 330 
foehn, 667 
see also Foehn 
for power production, 984 
forecasting, 761, 791 
indicators, cloud motions as, 1172 
jet-effect, 670 
local, 655 
definition, 655 
desirable studies, 670 
Maloja, 664 
meridional circulation, 599 
mistral, 670 
mountain, 662, 663 
circulation, components of, 662 
desirable studies, 670 
theory of, 664 
night, vector frequency of, 358 
northers, 670 
orographic influences, 667 
protection, applied microclimatology 
and, 999 
-shift line, marked by clouds, 1173 
slope, air transport by, 666 
speed, effect on ultraviolet daylight 
losses, 1146 
strength, correlation with ocean swells, 
1097 
thermal slope, 662 
-tunnel investigations, of atmospheric 
pollution, 1145 
upper, Little America, 920 
upper atmosphere, 255 
meteor trains and, 358 
valley, 662, 663 
desirable studies, 670 
theory of, 664 
velocity measurement by aircraft, 1226 
Window frost, 207 
Windstorms, cloud seeding and, 232 
insurance, 982 
Wire sondes, 1216 
Wulf’s bifilar electrometer, 145 
Wulf’s unifilar electrometer, 145 
x 
X’s see Sferics 
Xenon content of atmosphere, 5 
Zz 
Zodiacal light, 345 
mystery of, 258 
Zonda see Foehn 
