from direct measurements of the eddy stress, -p[w'u'], at a short 

 distance from the interface, and from wind profile measurements 

 at constant heights above the true wavy sea surface with a special 

 type of practically inert ialess anemometers. 



For a quantitative study of the wind driven oceanic circulation, 



o 

 the exact knowledge of T (or y ) is very important. Since the 



average climatological wind data used in such a study are less than 

 10 m/sec in most areas over the oceans, the most contraversial re- 

 gion with W < 10 m/sec comes into consideration in a critical way. 

 W. Munk (1950) in his study of the wind driven oceanic circulation 

 came to the conclusion that the stress values as derived from wind 

 profile measurements are much too small to supply the necessary 

 driving force of the wind at low wind speeds. The author agrees 

 completely with W. Hunk's statement that the transports of the 

 large oceanic currents are probably as good an indicator of the 



overall stress exerted by the winds on the ocean as any of the 



2 

 measurements on which the value of y is now based. Similar con- 

 clusions have been drawn with regard to the wave generating forces 

 by wind (Neumann, 1950). 



Recently, in a careful analysis of storm tide data on Lake 

 Erie, G. H. Keulegan (1952) also derived wind stresses for larger 

 wind speeds which are in substantial agreement with the values sug- 

 gested by the author (1948). 



There is, at present, no evidence which really shows dis- 

 agreement with the use of the empirical stress formula as proposed 

 by equation (31) with the variable resistance coefficient of (32). 

 Therefore, after a critical reexamination of the papers on this 



41 



