V « 2.2 x 10 6 [gr cm" 1 sec" 1 ], 



and from (39) 



d£ /W « 1.15 x io" 7 . 



This compares well with the observed magnitude of the slope 

 between Cape Hatteras and Nova Scotia (Sverdrup et al. , 1946). If 

 this slope did not exist, and the assumptions on which (38) is based 

 hold, p would have to increase toward the NE in the axis of the flow. 



If the term V(df/dy) would be disregarded, it is seen from 

 (38) that an upward slope in the direction of flow must be compen- 

 sated for by a decrease of the average density of the Gulf Stream 

 water off the continental shelf. 



It should be kept in mind that equation (38) holds only in the 

 case of vanishing by small friction. It certainly does not apply 

 to the surface layers of frictional influence, and, if present, 

 to a bottom layer of frictional influence (Ekman's bottom current). 

 Similarly, the law of the parallel solenoids does not apply to 

 layers where frictional influences dominate. 



c) With a discussion of equation (11) for the horizontal mass 

 transport, the case of a simple zonal model may be considered, 

 where (see section IV) 



d£ _ f dD 



dy D 5y » 



and any effects of meridional boundaries are disregarded. Further, 

 suppose that T x = T x (y), T = 0, dD/dx = 0, V = 0. With these 

 assumptions, equation (11) reduces to 



dy 2 D dy dy r v o7^ D ay/ ' 

 or 



46 



