596 



MR. J. C. GALTON ON THE MYOLOGY OF 



Meckel describes the soleus under the name of the " deep head " of the gastrocnemius, 

 beino* in the Edentata, at all events in the Ai and the Anteater, larger than the more 



perficial head of this muscle 



Further 



he 



g 



a special descript 



of its 



gement in these animals, under the specific name of " Sohlenmuskel 



Plantar is. —This muscle, which Prof. Humphry has included in his description of the 

 gastrocnemius, arises by a strong tendon slightly posterior to, and to the inner side of, 

 the external head of the latter, and, after running down between the above muscle and 

 the soleus, lies tendinous to the inner side of the tendo Achillis, just above the calca- 

 neum, but, passing over this tendon at the posterior and inferior part of the bone, joins 

 finally the plantar fascia. An offset, however, is distributed to each digit, which had the 



o 



arrangement of the flexor sublimis in the upper extremity, the superficial layer forming a 

 sheath for the deep or "perforating" flexor, the deeper layer being a " perforated" 

 tendon, except in the case of the hallux. 



The tendon of this muscle, though it does not terminate at the os calcis, has a strong 

 attachment to a rough ridge which runs down along the inner side of this bone from the 

 insertion of the soleus. 



In the Ai, according to Meckel 2 , this muscle is well developed, and is fused with the 



" perforating " ilexor. 



Rapp describes the plantaris as absent in M. tamandua 3 . 



JPopliteus. — Is a well-developed muscle. It arises from a depression in the outer 



aspect of the external condyle by a strong flat tendon, covered by the origins of the 



peronei, and is inserted all along the posterior part of the tibia, from the head of this 

 bone to its malleolus. 



Flexor longus digitorum. — A 



from the posterior part of the fibula, completely 



covering in the most posterior of the peronei muscles, besides taking origin in part from 

 the strong external lateral ligament, also from the interosseous membrane and inner 

 edge of the tibia. At the heel it becomes tendinous ; and the strong flat tendon, after 

 running along the inner side of the calcaneal process, passes under a strong ligamentous 

 bridge, stretched between the astragalus and plantar fascia, and, at about the middle of 

 the sole, expands, soon to split into five " perforating " tendons, destined one for each 

 digit, the hallux included. 



Immediately before the tendon broadens out 



described above, ther 



g 



off 



from its fibular side, to join the peroneal tubercle of the calcaneum, a strong flat li 



mentous or tendinous band. This is regarded by Prof. Humphry 4 as the representative 

 of the flexor accessor ins, and is figured as such by Cuvier 5 . 



As far as can be made out by the naked eye, there is no trace of muscular tissue in 

 this rudimentary representative of the accessory flexor. 



The « perforating " tendons terminate in their respective digits in the same manner as 

 do those of the deep flexor in the fore foot, and complete their resemblance by presenting 

 an indication of bifidity just before insertion. 



The attempt at a differentiation of a flexor longus kallucis from the substance of the 



1 Vergleich. Anat. p. 630 et seq. 

 4 Loc. cit. p. 317. 



2 Loc. cit. p. 656. 



1 Anat. Comp. pi. 256. fig. 6. 



Op. cit p. 50 



