hrdliCkvJ discoveries ATTRIBUTED TO EARLY MAN 33 



Plants: 



Plant remains in stratum No. 2 of the section at Vero are not numerous. 

 In this respect this horizon differs from the alluvial bed which follows, in which 

 is found an abundance of plant stems, seeds, and at places well-preserved 

 leaves. The only recognizable plants obtained from this horizon are acorn 

 cups, although in places are found stems and pieces of wood. The plant stems 

 upon exposure to the air shrivel up; the wood also has a tendency to fall to 

 pieces upon drying. 



[P. 147.] Acorn cuiis, acorns, and other seeds are numerous, as are stems and 

 pieces of limbs ; in places also where the conditions are favorable leaves are 

 well preserved. The plant remains indicate a diversified flora representing a 

 hammock type of vegetation, the term " hammock " being used in Florida to 

 apply to a mixed timber growth, which usually includes a number (jf deciduous 

 species. This type of vegetation occupies limited areas and contrasts with tlie 

 pine lands, which are extensive. 



Invertebrates : 



[P. 143.] Fresh-^^•ater invertebrates are abundant in stratum No. 2 of the 

 section and have been collected from several places in the bank. The species 

 present are given in the accompanying list. These have been identified by 

 Dr. Paul Bartsch, who states that all of the species are represented in the 

 recent fauna. This is in marked contrast to the vertebrates among which 

 are many extinct species. 



With the land and fresh-water invertebrates are found a number of marine 

 species represented chiefly by young or small shells which were probably acci- 

 dentally included at the time the deposits accumulated. From the marl rock 

 near the top of the stratum was obtained a single specimen of Ostrca, which, 

 however, was probably introduced into the formation either by man or in some 

 accidental manner. 



Vertebrates : 



[P. 144.] The vertebrate fauna from Vero is obtained from the fresh-water 

 stratum No. 2. and from the fluviatile deposit No. 3, none of the material so far 

 as definitely known having been derived from the underlying marine marl. 

 The vertebrate fossils occur in considerable numbers, although, as is usually 

 true of stream deposits, the skeletons are for the most part disassociated. 

 While all classes of vertebrates are represented, the mammals are by far the 

 most abundant. 



Many families are represented, some by extinct, others by living 

 species ; but the mammals are the most numerous. They include : 



LIST OF MAMMALS FROM STRATUM 2 (P. 158) 



Didelphis virginiana Elephas columbi Smilodon sp. 



Megalonyx jeffersonii Neoflber alleni Canis ayersi, sp. nov. 



Chlamytherium septen- Sylvilagus sp. Procyon lotpr? 



trionalis Sigmodou sp. Equus litoralis 



Dasypus sp.? Cryptotis floridana Cameloid indt. 



Equus leidyi Blarina sp. Bison sp. 



Tapirus haysii? Vulpes pennsylvanicus Hydrochoerus sp. 



Odocoileus sp. Equus complicatus Lutra canadensis 



IMammut americanum Peccary indt. 



90522°— 18— Bull. GG 3 



