30 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 70 



general features of which recall those at Bug Spring, though their 

 size is considerably less. In the surface of rock above the spring 

 there are numerous potholes of small size. One of these, 4 feet deep 

 and about 18 feet in diameter, is almost perfectly circular and has 

 some signs of having been deepened artificially. It holds water 

 much of the time and was undoubtedly a source of water supply to 

 the aborigines, as it now is to stock in that neighborhood. 



Ruin in Ruin Canyon 



One of the large rim-rock ruins may be seen on the left bank of Ruin 

 Canyon in full view from the Old Bluff Road. The rum is an immense 

 pile of stones perched on the very edge of the rim, with no walls 

 standing above the surface. The most striking feature of this ruin 

 is the cliff-house below, the walls and entrance into which are visible 

 from the road (pi. 9, b). It is readily accessible and one of the 

 largest in the country. On either side of the Old Bluff Road from 

 Ruin Canyon to the "Aztec Reservoir" small piles of stone mark the 

 sites of many former buildings of the one-house type which can readily 

 be seen, especially in the sagebrush clearings as the road descends to 

 the Picket corral, the reservoirs, and the McElmo Canyon. 



Cannonball Ruin 



One of the most instructive rums of the McElmo Canyon region is 

 situated at the head of Cannonball Canyon, a short distance across 

 the mesa north of the McElmo, at a point nearly opposite the store. 

 This ruin is made up of two separate pueblos facing each other, one 

 of which is known as the northern, the other as the southern pueblo 

 (pi. 22, b). Both show castellated chambers and towers, one of which 

 is situated at the bottom of the canyon. The southern pueblo was 

 excavated a few years ago by Mr. S. G. Morley, who published an 

 excellent plan and a good description of it, and made several sug- 

 gestions regarding additions of new rooms to the kivas which are 

 valuable. Its walls were not protected and are rapidly deteriorating. 



This pueblo, as pointed out by Mr. Morley, 1 has 20 secular rooms 

 arranged with little regularity, and 7 circular kivas, belonging to the 

 vaulted-roofed variety. It is a fine example of a composite pueblo 

 of the pure type, in which there are several large kivas. Morley has 

 pointed out a possible sequence in the addition of the different kivas 

 to a preexisting tower and offers an explanation of the chronological 

 steps by which he thinks the aggregation of rooms was brought about. 

 Occasionally we find inserted in the walls of these houses large arti- 

 ficially worked or uncut flat stones, such as the author has mentioned 

 as existing in the walls of the northwest corner of the court of Far 

 View House. This Cyclopean form of masonry is primitive and may 



» Amer. Anthrop., n. s. vol. x, no. 4, pp. 596-610, 1908. 



