fewkes] PREHISTORIC VILLAGES, CASTLES, AND TOWERS 



51 



Mesa Verde cliff-houses. A side entrance opens in one corner into a 

 small room (fig. 10, G) in which ceremonial objects may have been 

 formerly stored (pi. 32, b). 



The kiva of Unit-type House is architecturally the samo as those 

 with vaulted roofs at Spruce-tree House, Cliff Palace, and Far View 

 Houso on the Mesa Verde. A similar structure, according to 

 Prudden, 1 occurs at Mitchell Spring Ruin in the Montezuma Valley, 

 and near the Picket corral. The same type was found by Morley 2 at 

 the Camionball Ruin and by Kidder 3 in a kiva on Montezuma Creek 

 in Utah, where clusters of mounds would appear to be composed of 



Fiu. 10. — Ground plan of Unit-type House. 



single or composite ruins of this type. This small pueblo was prob- 

 ably inhabited by one social unit, and may bo regarded as tho first 

 stage of a compound pueblo. 



Stronghold House (Ruin 11) 



Ruin 1 1 is composed of a cluster of several small buildings, one of 

 which is situated on the north edge of the mesa somewhat east of Ruin 

 10 (pi. 25, b) ; another, called by Morley and Kidder Gibraltar House, 

 formerly of considerable size, was built on the sloping surface of an 

 angular bowlder (pi. 17, 21, b). Although many walls have fallen, 

 enough remains to render it a picturesque ruin, attractive to tho visitor 

 and instructive to the archeologist, by whom it has been classed as a 

 tower. This building from the east appears to be a square tower, but it 

 is in reality composed of several rooms perched on an inaccessible rock. 



i Circular Kivas in San Juan Watershed. Amer. Anthrop., n. s. vol. 16, no. 1, 1914. 



2 Excavation of the Cannonball Ruins in southwestern Colorado. Amer. Anthrop., n. s. vol. x, no. 4, 

 1908. 



3 Explorations in southeastern Utah. Amer. Journ. ArchseoL, 2d ser., vol. xiv, no. 3, 1910. 



