fewkes] PREHISTORIC VILLAGES, CASTLES, AND TOWERS 



53 



foundations almost completely cover. Holly Tower (pi. 23, b) 

 measures 16 feet high and 21 feet in diameter. It is 7 feet wide, its 

 top rising to a height level with that of the mesa on which stand build- 

 ings already considered. One of the two rooms of this tower is 

 narrower and wider than the other, shown in an offset as if con- 

 structed at a different time. Its foundations are 17 feet long by 8 

 feet wide, the highest wall measuring, at the southeast corner, 12 

 feet 8 inches. There is a fine doorway, wide above and narrow below, 

 in the north wall. The approach at present is difficult on, account of 

 the height of the rock on which it stands, but there are evidences of 

 former footholes. 



HOLLY HOUSE 



Several broken-down walls, some of which are over (i feet high, 

 situated east of Ruin A, appear to belong to a pueblo of considerable 

 size (fig. 11, E, F), but the large foundation rock on which it is 

 situated has settled, its top having separated from the edge of the 

 canyon, so that the corner of the building (F) is out of plumb. The 

 walls on the adjoining cliff are also much broken down, although 

 several sections of them rise a few feet above the general surface. 

 The cause of this change in level of the base may have been an earth- 

 quake or the settling or sliding of the bowlder on the talus down the 

 hill. The united building appears to have been a pueblo of rectan- 

 gular form. Its walls are so broken down that it was not possible to 

 determino its exact dimensions. 



Horse Shot House 



Ruins in Blackberry Canyon 

 horseshoe house 



The large building in Hackberry Canyon, one of the terminal spurs 

 of Bridge Canyon, a mile northeast of the cluster in Holly Canyon, is 

 particularly instructive from the fact 

 that surrounding the remains of a 

 circular tower, for two-thirds of its 

 circumference, is a concentric wall 

 with compartments separated by 

 radial partitions (fig. 12, 1). 



Horseshoe House (pi. 23, c) stands 

 on the north edge of the canyon (fig. 

 12, 1), having its straight wall on the 

 south side, as is usually the case, 

 the well-preserved north side being 

 curved. The northeastern corner still stands several feet high. The 

 southeastern corner formerly rested on a projecting rock, which recalls 

 the cornerstone of Sun Temple. The masonry of most of the southern 

 segment of the enclosed circular room or tower has fallen down the cliff. 



Fig. 12.— Horseshoe (Uackberry) Canyon. 



