D BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 80 
sourl River and most of the Hidatsa on the eastern side, where the 
agency is located. Crow’s Heart’s land was on the shore of the 
Missouri River, making it accessible both by water and land. There 
he built an earth lodge of the old type (pl. 3, a), having no win- 
dows and with a corn-drying scaffold over the door (pl. 4).2. He 
built a comfortable log house for himself and later a two-story 
house for his son, who is a successful cattle raiser. Near his group 
of buildings he erected a “cedar post” with a paling around it, 
similar to that in the Mandan section of the Fort Berthold vil- 
lage (see p. 5). There is an excellent camping ground at this 
point, and “Crow’s Heart’s place” became a kind of communal 
center for the Mandans. Many feasts and gatherings were held in 
his earth lodge, one of which was attended by the writer, who was 
afterwards taken across the river by Crow’s Heart in his “bull 
boat,” or round hide boat of the old type. Many travelers, as well 
as the Indians, have been taken across in this manner, so that the 
location is known as “ Crow’s Heart’s Landing,” or “ Crow’s Heart’s 
Ferry,” and from this business he has acquired a considerable 
income. The site is shown in Plate 6, a. 
Hipatsa 
This group of singers comprised a wider range of ages than the 
group of Mandans. Butterfly was probably the oldest Hidatsa 
singer; Good Bear was highly respected and for many years was 
judge in the agency court of Indian offenses; and Holding Eagle was 
a prominent member of the tribe. These three died before the pres- 
ent work was completed. Pan has adapted himself to the white 
man’s ways and is an industrious farmer. Old Dog (pl. 1) has a 
log “council house” (pl. 3, 6) near his dwelling, which serves as 
a communal center for the Hidatsa of the vicinity, much as Crow’s 
Heart’s does for the Mandans, though the two tribes mingle freely 
in these gatherings. Old Dog’s house is on the eastern side of the 
Missouri River and only a few miles from the agency. The group 
consists of several dwellings and a sweat lodge (pl. 5, a). In con- 
struction it differs from Crow’s Heart’s and resembles the dance 
houses of the Sioux and Chippewa, being built of logs laid in hori- 
zontal rows and plastered with mud; it also has two or three small 
windows with glass panes. James Driver was the youngest Hidatsa 
whose songs were recorded. He is representative of the present 
generation of Indians who sing a type of song different from the 
old melodies of the tribe. 
2The woman seated on the ground is softening a hide by drawing it back and forth 
across a dull scythe fastened to the post. 
