BUSHNELL] NATIVE CEMETERIES AND FORMS OF BURIAL 49 



burials. Continuing up the Tennessee, making many interesting dis- 

 coveries on the way, the party reached Henry Island, near Gunters- 

 ville, Marshall County, Alabama. At the head of the island were 

 several mounds, one of which had been worn down to a height of 

 about 1 foot. Much of the work had evidently been destroyed, 

 but in the remaining portion were several graves, one of which, a 

 stone-lined grave, was of much interest. It is shown in plate 7 

 before and after the removal of the top stones. It had an extreme 

 outside length of 6 feet 8 inches and a width of 3 feet. Inside it 

 measured 5 feet 10 inches in length, 2 feet 2 inches in width, and 

 1 foot 7 inches in depth. " This grave, of the regular stone-box 

 variety, was made of limestone slabs carefully arranged, the slabs 

 having been set a number of inches into the ground below the base 

 of the grave, which was neatly floored with slabs in contact, the 

 small spaces between the larger ones having been filled with frag- 

 ments of a suitable size. A large single slab was upright at the 

 head, which was directed SE.; another, at the feet." (Moore, (4), 

 pp. 286-289.) 



This grave contained an extended skeleton, determined to have 

 been that of an adult male. 



Similar graves were discovered as far up the river as James 

 County, Tennessee, a short distance beyond Chattanooga. 



A mound in which were many intrusive stone graves, and therefore 

 resembling the one examined on Swallow Bluff Island, stood on a 

 high hill about 2 miles from Franklin, Williamson County, Tennes- 

 see. It was about 20 feet in height and 400 feet in circumference. The 

 mound was examined and " about four feet from the top, we came 

 to a layer of graves extending across the entire mound. The graves 

 were constructed in the same mannei- as those found in the ceme- 

 teries . . . that is, of two wide parallel slabs, about two and one- 

 half feet long for sides, and with the bottom, head, and foot stones 

 of the same material, making when put together, a box or sarcoph- 

 agus. Each of these coffins had bones in it, some of women and 

 children together, and others of men." (Clark, (1), pp. 269-276.) 



Two classes of mounds containing stone-lined graves have now 

 been described. The first had been made up of several tiers of such 

 graves, reared one upon another, and the whole covered with a mass 

 of earth ; the second class included mounds in which such graves had 

 later been prepared — intrusive burials in ancient mounds. Another 

 class, though far less numerous than either of the others, each con- 

 tained a single large grave. A most interesting example of this type 

 was discovered and described by Moore. It stood on a high ridge, 

 overlooking the valley of Green River, in Butler County, Kentucky. 

 130548°— 20 4 



