72 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 71 



Several other mounds may be mentioned, and these may be con- 

 sidered as bein^ typical of all existing in the country of the Five 

 Nations. Schoolcraft referred to a mound which stood about 1 mile 

 distant, up the Tonawanda, in Genesee Coimty. Another was some 

 2 miles south of the first. Both were discovered in the year 1810, 

 and contained many human bones. Glass beads were recovered 

 from the one which stood farther north. In the adjoining county 

 of Monroe were two mounds, the larger being not more than T) feet 

 in height. They were on the "high, sandy grounds to the west- 

 ward of Irondequoit Bay, where it connects with Lake Ontario." 

 These are said to have been examined in 181T, at which time various 

 objects of European origin were found, including a sword scabbard, 

 bands of silver, belt buckles, and similar pieces. 



The mounds already mentioned were within the territory of the 

 Seneca, and those described in Genesee and Monroe Counties were 

 erected within historic times. 



The Oneida occupied the country northeast of Lake Ontario, and 

 a site " near the east end of Long Sault Island," in St. Lawrence 

 County, may have been occupied by one of their villages. A mound 

 south of this site was examined, and in it were discovered seven 

 skeletons, and associated with the burials were various objects of 

 native origin, including " a large pitcher-like vessel, four gouges, and 

 some very coarse cloth, which looked like our hair cloth, only very 

 coarse. Also seven strings of beads." (Beauchamp, (2).) A mound 

 on St. Regis Island, in Franklin County, which touches St. Lawrence 

 on the west, was opened in 1818. It contained deposits of human 

 remains, those nearer the upper surface being the best preserved. 

 This would have been in the Mohawk country. 



Mound burials are likewise to be encountered in the southern coun- 

 ties, one very interesting example having been discovered in Che- 

 nango, the region later occupied by the Tuscarora. This was in Green 

 Township, near the mouth of Geneganstlet Creek. It was origi- 

 nally about G feet in height and -40 feet in diameter. " It was opened 

 in 1829 and abundant human bones were found, and much deeper be- 

 neath them were others which had been burned. It was not an 

 orderly burial, and the bones crumbled on being exposed. In one 

 part were about 200 yellow and black jasper arrowheads, and 60 

 more in another place. Also a silver band or ring al)out 2 inches 

 in diameter, wide but thin, and with what appeared to be the re- 

 mains of a reed pipe within it. A number of stone gouges or chisels 

 of different shapes, and a piece of mica cut in the form of a heart, 

 the border much decayed and the laminae separated, were also dis- 

 covered." (Wilkinson, (1).) 



