ALPHABET 



a like a in shall. 



e like e in helmet. 



i like i in i^. 



like in sort. 



u like u in German Furcht. 



a like a in car. 



e like a in table, 1 ut with a strong i tinge. 



? like ee in teem. 



like in rose, 1 ut witli a strong u tinge. 



u like 00 in too. 



a", f", i'^, o^, u'"', short vowels of continental values slightly nasalized. 

 a«, e'"', F, o", u"', long vowels of continental values slightly nasalized. 



E obscure vowel. • 



"-, ^,°,'"' resonance and epenthetic vowels. *, " after Jt-sounds are whispered 



vowels. 



ai like i in island. 



al same as preceding, I ut with second element long; interchanges with 



long i. 



au like ou in mouth. 



au same as preceding, but with second element long; interchanges with 



long u. 



ou diphthong o». 



iti diphthong ui. 



ai'"' diphthong ai slightly nasalized. 



ai" diphthong ai slightly nasalized. 



ui'"' diphthong ui slightly nasalized. 



q velar ^. 



q! same as preceding, with great stress of explosion. 



X like ch in German Bach. 



k like c in come, 1 ut unaspirated. 



Jc! .same as preceding, with great stress of explosion. 



g' palatal g, like g in give. 



k' palatal k, like c in cube. 



k! same as preceding, with great stress of explosion. 



X' like ch in German ich. 



k' aspirated, like c in come. 



d, t as in English; sonants and surds difficult to distinguish; surd not aspirated. 



t! like t, with great stress of explosion. 



(' aspirated, like t in teyi. 



s palatal spirant; like Polish i. 



ts palatal affricative surd ; like Polish c. 



ts/ same as preceding, with great stress of explosion. 



p as in English. 



p! same as preceding, with great stress of explosion. 



p' aspirated p. 



20 • 



