118 ON THE SUITABILITY OF CURRENT DESIGN OF SUBMARINES 
other, and this thing of sitting back, as here, in New York, and relying upon some guns and 
mines and submarines to protect us, is all very nice, but it has nothing to do with warfare. I 
am in favor of the larger type of boat, because I think we ought to have the very best fighting, 
habitable type that can be obtained. Iaminfavor of that general proposition. In other 
words, we must look at this thing from the standpoint of the man who, when he goes out 
for the other fellow, is going to get him. That means crossing the ocean. 
Just switching this idea to a consideration of types of submarines, with the apology 
that I know very little about the subject, I will show you how little I do know about it by 
some sketches I will make on the blackboard. I made a trip in the original Holland in 
1898. I had just returned from Germany, whete I had been a naval attaché for a year and a 
half, and I subsequently went back to Germany and was naval attaché for another year and 
a half just before the war came on, and I was particularly delighted with the development 
of the Lake form of submarine in Germany. 
In the original Holland boat you had a cigar-shaped cylinder, in which you had the sub- 
merging tanks at the sides and bottom and the living space was what was left (diagram A). 
AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE HOLLAND TYPE. 
DECK 
1900 
This largely gave the required strength, with self-contained units, so to speak. The later 
boats, in order to get quicker submergence, used larger tanks, and gave less living space (di- 
agram B). The British development of the Holland type is shown in diagrams C and D. 
British DEVELOPMENT OF THE HoLLanp TYPE. 
7 PERISCOPE 
DECK 
1912 
