64 DETAILS OF NAVAL DESIGN FROM JUTLAND. 
more numerous than from those on German ships, so that much information is lacking as to 
the latter. Of the books consulted two should be mentioned in particular: “The Fighting 
at Jutland’ and “A Naval Lieutenant, 1914-1918,” and to the compilers of one and the 
author of the other I wish to express my appreciation and thanks. 
The following table gives a list of the ships sunk in the battle, or as a result of it: 
British. German. 
Onueeny Mary eicip. be sce: . Battle cruiser. Tut ZO Wisin ote eure Battle cruiser. 
Inderatioable say chinan\ate\pn ae Battle cruiser. Pommem > 2... 5-2-1. Dabtlesmipe 
Tnyanciblebic eae =o oie DattieichiMser: Weisbadem......)....... Lightermuser 
DD ehenicersrus ter. ehavarsusyerore: Armored cruiser. Blbing eae eee bier eel tients ets 
WathiOtne ss. re a NOIMOLedicniiser, Rostockwe ie eta eect Chiisers 
Black-perinice taxi cier nr: Armored cruiser. Branenlobinn 9 42c eee lei satentiser 
sipperasy apie eerie crc Destroyer. Wat on. Veins td aile aieesns de eer DESthOV OME 
ssn Dislent cn ale were dee eleleale Destroyer, VieZT ee a! rege seer Destroyer. 
ein solic leke EPAN tian op onoMmisoe Do Destroyer. MP2 See, Bice me Moco ola Destroyer. 
RTAGHE Ls dcorie tutte Bye os ts MOEN, Destroyer. SS Ova aupanns Anke te ene Destroyer. 
SF) ce Boe An Pm el Ae a Destroyer. ViEAS do sue she aie Saiereepelepauseae Destroyer. 
SPinvOny IRENA Beasooas oagoon Destroyer. 
IES tote ar tacehs is fotsyps eves) ma hnagere ton Destroyer. 
Nomad ie: seyatnsscaaihe atcha erate Destroyer. 
Of the ships listed, the Queen Mary, Indefatigable, Invincible, Defence, Black Prince, 
Weisbaden and Pommern were sunk as a result of complete explosion resulting from a salvo 
reaching a vital spot, or from a torpedo. The Elbing and also the Turbulent were rammed 
and sunk by German battleships. 
These losses are generally eliminated then as involving major questions of design. 
Moreover, the destruction of those blown up was so sudden that it may be said no record 
of the performance of the detail features of design remains. We have left, then, of these 
total losses, on the British side one armored cruiser and seven destroyers, and on the German 
one battle cruiser, three light cruisers and five destroyers. Moreover, there were, on both 
sides, other ships which suffered very severely but which lasted through the battle, and 
from them excellent accounts have come. Of these might be mentioned in particular the 
Warspite, Southampton and Derfflinger. 
Fire, it is believed, might, among our list of details of design, be taken as the principal 
source of danger to fighting ships and those aboard them. It brings in questions of inflam- 
mability of materials, fire systems, pipe lines and sometimes unexpected matters in its wake. 
Particularly it always brings with it the ever-present menace of magazine explosion. 
The examination of our records shows many accounts of fires. The armored cruisers 
Black Prince and Warrior of the British fleet and the battle cruiser Lutzow of the German 
fleet were all heavily on fire until the first-named blew up and the two latter were aban- 
doned; on the Warspite, which came under the concentrated fire of the German fleet while 
her steering gear was out of commission, many fires raged; the light cruisers Dublin, South- 
ampton and Chester all had severe fires as had the destroyers Tipperary, Spitfire, Defender, 
Onslow and Acasta. The Colossus, Malaya, and possibly other battleships of the Grand 
Fleet had minor fires, while the Lion and Derfflinger each had bad turret fires. There may 
