158 REFUELING WARSHIPS AT SEA. 



Dresden, 3,600 tons, speed 243^ knots. 



Leipzig and Bremen, 3,250 tons, speed 23 knots (Leipzig sunk December 8). 



Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, 11,600 tons, speed 20.5 knots (sunk December 8). 



Geier, 1,630 tons (interned at Honolulu). 



Koenigsburg, 3,348 tons, speed 23J/2 knots (bottled up at Mafia Island). 



These ships are reported to have frequently coaled at sea. 



Many British and French battleships and cruisers have been protecting com- 

 merce and chasing the German cruisers. Among these are the — 



Bristol, Glasgow and Newcastle, 4,800 tons, speed 25 knots. 



Suffolk, Lancaster and Cumberland, 9,800 tons, speed 24 knots. 



Good Hope, 14,100 tons, speed 23 knots (sunk by Germans November i off 

 Coronel, Chile). 



Monmouth, 9,800 tons, speed 24 knots (sunk by Germans November i off 

 Coronel, Chile). 



Highflyer, 5,600 tons, speed 20 knots. 



Swiftsure, 11,800 tons, speed 19 knots. 



Canopus, 12,950 tons, speed 16.5 knots. 



Invincible and Inflexible, 17,250 tons, speed 28.5 knots. 



Kent and Cornwall, 9,800 tons, speed 24 knots. 



Carnarvon, 10,850 tons, speed 22.1 knots. 



In fact the British Admiralty announced that some seventy ships of the Allies 

 were searching for the German cruisers. The Good Hope and Monmouth allowed 

 their position to be known to the Germans by entering a harbor for coal. They were 

 sunk later by the Germans. 



In 1887 Lieut. C. E. Bell, R. N., before the same Institution, read a paper 

 entitled "Coaling Ships of War at Sea." Lieutenant Bell said: — "I feel sure that all 

 officers will agree with me that coaling from the broadside at sea is impossible except 

 in very calm weather;" and, after describing many practical experiences, said: — 

 "The only way by which the various difficulties of coaling at sea can be overcome 

 is by coaling from bow to stern." 



Lieutenant Bell's plan showed an incomplete reciprocating cableway like a 

 breeches buoy apparatus. No compensating apparatus was shown. 



Commenting on Lieutenant Bell's plan. Captain Fitzgerald, R. N., said, "It 

 would fail absolutely," and added : — 



"As to blockade, I think it is a thing of the past absolutely. You could not 

 blockade in these days of torpedoes anywhere near the enemy's port." 



Answering this, the late Rear- Admiral P. H. Colomb, R. N., said : — 



"I sincerely believe that we are going to watch our enemy wherever they are, 

 in spite of torpedoes or whatever it may be. Therefore, from my point of view, the 

 question is of vast importance." 



