266 SOCIETY NAVAL ARCHITECTS AND MARINE ENGINEERS. 



2. For example, the surface in square meters (or square feet) of a boat may be deemed 

 to be given by the following formula : 



Area = ^(2a + 1.5& + 4c + 1.5d + 2^) 



I being the length in meters (or in feet) from tlie intersection of the outside of the plank- 

 ing with the stem to the corresponding point at the stern post. 



a, h, c, d, e denote the horizontal breadths in meters (or in feet) outside the planking 

 at the points obtained by dividing / into four equal parts and subdividing the foremost 

 and aftermost parts into two equal parts (a and e being the breadths at the extreme subdi- 

 visions, c at the middle point of the length, and b and d at the intermediate points). 



Article XXXIX. 



MARKING OF BOATS AND PONTOON RAFTS. 



The dimensions of the boat and the number of persons which it is authorized to carry 

 shall be marked on it in clear permanent characters. These marks shall be specifically ap- 

 proved by the officers appointed to inspect the ship. 



Pontoon rafts shall be marked with the number of persons in the same manner. 



Article XL. 



EQUIPMENT OF BOATS AND PONTOON RAFTS. 



1. The normal equipment of every boat shall consist of — 



(a) A single banked complement of oars and two spare oars; one set and a half of 

 thole pins or crutches; a boat hook. 



{b) Two plugs for each plug hole (plugs are not required when proper automatic 

 valves are fitted) ; a bailer and a galvanized iron bucket. 



(c) A tiller or yoke and yoke lines. 



{d) Two hatchets. 



(^) A lamp filled v^'ith oil and trimmed. 



(/) A mast or masts with one good sail at least, and proper gear for each. (This 

 does not apply to motor lifeboats.) 



{g) A suitable compass. 



Pontoon lifeboats will have no plug hole, but shall be provided with at least two bilge 

 pumps. 



In the case of a ship defined in Article 2 of the Convention, which carries passengers in 

 the North Atlantic, all the boats need not be equipped with masts, sails, and compasses, if 

 the ship is provided with a radiotelegraph installation. 



2. The normal equipment of every approved pontoon raft shall consist of — 



(a) Four oars. 



(b) Five rowlocks. 



(c) A self-igniting life-buoy light. 



3. In addition every boat and every pontoon raft shaft be equipped with— 



(a) A life line becketted round the outside. 



(b) A sea anchor. 



(c) A painter. 



