LUCIA FOR THE UNITED STATES SHIPPING BOARD. 57 



The method employed by Mr. Donnelly is the so-called "added weight" method, where 

 the water that enters the ship is regarded as an added weight. The displacement is aug- 

 mented by that amount and the center of gravity changes its position. The two methods are 

 equivalent and give the same result if properly applied. I prefer the lost-buoyancy method 

 for reasons which would be too lengthy to explain in this place. 



It would be of the greatest interest to the profession if the exact circumstances of bilg- 

 ing under which the S. S. Lucia went down were known, as it would throw considerable 

 light on the important problem of the safety of ships at sea. Perhaps Mr. Donnelly or 

 some other member of the Society is able to give information on that subject. 



The President: — ^Is there any other gentleman who wishes to discuss this paper? If 

 not, a motion of thanks to the author of the paper, Mr. Donnelly, is in order. 



Rear-Admiral Francis T. Bowles, Past President: — I think the members of the Society 

 appreciate Mr. Donnelly's courage, in the face of recent events, in coming here and so carefully 

 explaining the methods that he has advocated. It seems to me, however, proper to say that 

 many of us were opposed even to the conduct of this experiment, and naturally we feel that 

 judgment was right. 



The President : — Is there any other expression of opinion to be given ? Mr. Donnelly, 

 do you wish to close the discussion ? 



Mr. Donnelly: — Just a word, Mr. President. I understood Commander Goodall to 

 .say that matters relative to the protection of the merchant ships should be left to the 

 Navy. I should infer that he meant that the Navy Department, constituted as an arm of 

 defense for the nation, should do this. It seems to me that the matter of the construction 

 of the merchant ships should be left to the men primarily who shipi their cargoes in the ship 

 and place their property in the hands of the people who operate the ships. After that it 

 should be left in the hands of the people who own the ships. 



I am particularly interested, not so much in the loss of property in the time of war, 

 great as it has been in this last war, much as it may be in wars which may come — ^but as an 

 engineer I am more particularly interested in the development of the art of constructing 

 floating craft to protect the lives and property of the people who go down to the sea in ships 

 during times of peace. 



I ask the review of this paper by my fellow-members of the Society from the point of 

 view of its economic value, to save the destruction of life and property, the cumulative de- 

 struction of it, and on that ground I leave it be fore the Society for the study of those who, 

 like myself, participate in this art, with all due confidence as to the result. 



The President: — I think a vote of thanks is due to Mr. Donnelly for the careful 

 preparation of the paper. All those in favor say "Aye" ; contrary-minded, "No." The mo- 

 tion is carried. 



Mr. Donnelly will kindly accept the thanks of the Society. 



We will now have the next paper. No. 4, entitled "Progress in Turbine Propulsion," 

 which will be presented by Mr. Francis Hodgkinson, Esq., Visitor. 



Mr. Hodgkinson presented the paper. 



