APPENDIX TO CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 391 
“Old bulls,” ‘ bachelors,” ‘‘two-year-old pups,” and ‘‘ Barre cows” make up the 
great majority. Cows actually breeding are very watchful, and while on the voyage 
northward are ever on the alert, so they are difficult to take. On the other hand, 
the other classes above named make up the great class of ‘‘ sleepers ” from which 
fully 90 per cent. of the whole catch of hunters is derived. I never saw or heard of 
a ‘‘cow” having her young beside her in the water, either on the coast or in Beh- 
ring’s Sea. 
(Signed) J. D. WARREN. 
VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, August 10, 1889. 
Captain Sieward. 
I have been a master sealer for two years. In 1888 I commanded the ‘‘Araunah,” 
and in 1889 the ‘‘ Walter L. Rich,” and during both years sealed along the coast from 
off Point Northward to Behring’s Sea. In 1888 I had Indian hunters, and this year 
white hunters. The Indians lose very few seals, for if the spear strike the seal is 
got, and if the spear misses the seal of course escapes unhurt. The white hunters use 
rifles and shot-guns, the latter much more than the former. Rifles are used only by 
good shots, and then at only long range. The seals lost by white hunters after being 
shot or wounded do not on the lower coast exceed six in 100, and on the Alaska coast 
and in Behring’s Sea not over four in 100. 
On sailing I generally take 10 per cent. additional ammunition for waste shot, that 
is, if calculating on a catch of 3,000 seals, I would take ammunition for 3,300 shots. 
That was double the excess the hunters would consider necessary, and I never knew 
that percentage of waste shot to be used. I never saw a female seal with her young 
beside her in the water. Out of a catch of 1,423 seals this year, I had only fifty-five 
seals under 2 years old, i. e., between 1 and 2 years old. 
When at Ounalaska this year, I learned that the Alaska Commercial Company last 
year fitted out two small schooners belonging to private parties with large deep nets 
several hundred fathoms long, which were set across the passes leading from Beh- 
ring’s Sea for the purpose of catching young seals. One of these schooners got 700 
- of these young seals, about 4 months old, and sold them to the Alaska Commercial 
Company at 2 dol. 50 c. apiece. 
A schooner, the “Spencer F. Baird,” 10 or 12 tons, was then at Ounaiaska fitting 
up to go to Akoutan Pass for the same purpose this fall. The law forbids the killing 
of all fur-bearing animals in Alaskan waters by any hunters except the natives, yet 
such is done every year at Kodiak, Sanaka, and the Aleutian Islands by white hunters 
fitted out by the Alaskan Commercial Company, under the agreement that the furs 
must be sold to the Company. 
(Signed) H. F. SreEwarp, 
Master, American schooner ‘* Walter L. Rich.” 
VicToRIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, August 10, 1889. 
Walter House. 
I was a hunter on the schooner ‘‘ Walter L. Rich,” on her sealing voyage this year. 
It was my first year on the Pacific coast, but I had had seven years’ experience on the 
Newfoundland coast catching hair-seals. This year on the “ Rich” I got 185 seals 
and lost five, which sank before I reached them. I used a shot-gun. The hunters 
on the “ Rich” lost about the same proportion, some a few more, some less. I never 
saw a cow seal in the water with her young beside her or near her, nor have I ever 
heard of such a case. 
(Signed) WALTER HOUSE. 
ViIcTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, August 10, 1889. 
Memorandum. 
EsTIMATE of the Amount paid for Wages, &c., of the Victoria Sealing Fleet, and the 
probable Returns. 
Mares Ol crow ane hunters, POr VESSEL... = 252 - talcecccceecccacscccucaeceaces $7, 000 
Insurance premium on 8,000 dollars, at 7 per cent............-...-...02-e0 560 
ETONASIONS ESal bl vaMiMuniblOns GsCase ssl acie note saan ne sooo oe ocbe ee 3, 000 
Total per vessel. ............. BTS ne i eee a AEM ara Wi get BY FOR ee 10, 560 
Wondwenty Vessels: Chiployeds ..5 62! Seca Goes kane cose bon cwseccce sens 211, 200 
