APPENDIX TO CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 969 
19. Q. Do you think the seals are getting more shy on account of the larger fleet of 
vessels?—A. Yes, they are much more shy. 
20. Q. Do the Indians approach the seals from leeward ?—A. No; the Indian always 
goes “across on the wind;” he pulls up almost in range of it, and goes across the 
wind. They have a sort of idea that the seal sleeps with one eye open, hence the 
way they approach. 
21. Q. When they heave the spear, the barb holds fast?—A. Yes; if they strike the 
sea] at all, they cannot lose it. 
22. Q. Therefore the percentage of seals killed by Indians and lost would be very 
small?—A. I would really count it nothing. If they did lose one by the spear pull- 
ing out of the blubber it would not kill the seal, as it heals so quickly again. 
23. Q. The barb holds them, and they have no chance to sink?—A. Yes 
24, Q. Therefore the percentage of loss is nothing ?—A. I would not reckon it any- 
25. Q@. The loss they make is only when firing at a travelling seal?—A. Yes. 
26. Q. And that loss would be by the animal escaping ?—A. Yes. 
27. Q. You would not consider it lost, then?—A. No. If not hit in a vital part it 
is not lost, for the Indian fires at a close range, and there are two in a boat, and 
almost sure of it before the shot is fired, because they can’t sink far before they are 
right on to it. 
28, Q. So the percentage of the seals lost by Indian hunters, ‘‘ sleeping” and not 
“travelling,” would be how much?—A. With sleeping seals there i is no loss. In trav- 
elling seals there are none lost, only in escaping. Last year I saw a great number of 
seals brought in that had been shot before. 
29. Q. From personal knowledge and observation, you are satisfied that a flesh- 
wound made in the seal would heal rapidly and not injure the seal?—A. Yes; the 
shot seems te strike in the fatty parts or blubber, and does not seem to hurt the ani- 
mal, as it closes over and scon heals. 
30. Q. In the months of February, March, and April, have you seen a marked num- 
ber of female seals bearing young killed?—A. Yes; in winter there are a number. 
31. Q. Does that mean “ barren” cows?—A. No; on the coast we get them ‘ with 
young.” I have not seen many ‘‘ barren cows” out here in winter. 
32. Q. During the months of February, March, and April, what would you say was 
the proportion of males to females?—A. I have only done one winter’s sealing, and 
that winter they would be fully one-half females during February and March. 
33. Q. That is, there would be as many females as bulls and grey pups?—A. Yes; 
I have never seen a female grey pup on the coast. That is a yearling grey female 
seal; that is corroborated by the Indians. All the yearlings seen by me have been 
males. 
feet Q. That is well known, you say, by the Indians?—A. Oh, yes. They remark 
this. 
* * * * * * * 
38. Q. But there is a larger number of males killed than females in April, May, and 
June?—A. Yes; in those three months we get a larger number of males; bulls from 
3 to 4 years old; all about the same size. 
39. Q. Your opinion is that the females, after the month of May, hasten on to the 
Behring’s Sea?—A. Yes. 
40. Q. Now, from the beginning of the sealing season, when you start out 
190 this time of year (January ); till the time you enter Behring’s Sea, what is 
your opinion as to the percentage of female seals, including both bearing and 
barren cows, killed? What would be the proportion of female seals, including both 
bearing and barren cows, killed? What would be the proportion of females as com- 
pared with the bulls?—A. Right up to the Shumigan Islands? 
41. Q. Yes. Would it be 60 per cent., or 70 per cent., or what?—A. Yes, I think it 
would be about 65 or 70 per cent. of males, and the remainder mixed cows—bearing 
and barren cows. 
42 Q. About what percentage of barren cows?—A. I think about equally divided: 
about 15 per cent. of barren and 15 per cent. of bearing cows, and 70 per cent. of 
bulls, would pretty near represent the catch on the upper and lower coast. 
43. Q. There is an opinion expressed that a seal pup will not swim; some people 
say s0?—A. I have seen three with their dams in the water on the Alaskan coast. 
44, Q. How far from shore?—A. 40 or 50 miles from shore, in the month of June. 
45. Q. Isit your opinion that they would be born in the water?—A. Yes, or on 
the kelp. Seals mate in the water, sleep in the water, and I have seen pups taken 
from the dead mother on the vessel, and thrown overboard and swim about awhile 
inthe water. I have watched such pups swim about for half-an-hour ormore. They 
seemed to have no difficulty in swimming. 
46. Q. You have never seen or heard of a Canadian sealing-schooner attempting to 
raid the Pribyloff Islands?—A. I have never heard of one. 
