252 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
MACROMIA ILLINOIENSIS Walsh. 
Macromia illinoiensis Walsh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1862, p. 397. 
Like the preceding species this one is never found around the ponds, but may be seen frequently 
along the river bank and at sunset in the comfields flying back and forth between the rows. At night 
both species congregate in favorite places upon low bushes and hang by their legs from the under side 
of the branches like Nasizschna. 
EPICORDULIA PRINCEPS (Hagen). 
Epitheca princeps Hagen, Synop.-Neuropt. of N. A., 1861, p. 134. 
This species is easily recognized by its large size, by the brown blotches on its wings at the nodus 
and stigma, and by the fact that there are never any white areas connected with these blotches as in 
L. pulchella. 
The males have regular areas which they patrol incessantly hour after hour, hawking the varied 
insect life they may find. 
The nymphs are common in all the ponds; but the imagos scatter after emerging, and only a few 
are seen about the ponds at any one time. The nymph is large and sprawling and can not cling well 
to grass stems, preferring a broad surface like a board, a stump, or even the side of a bank. Most of 
those taken at the ponds were found on a hard mud bank beside the cinder road. The two sexes do 
not fasten together during oviposition, but the female drops her eggs alone into deep water. 
The imago emerges early in the moming and is one of those that consequently falls a prey to the 
birds, since it is helpless during the first forenoon. Some of the wings of this species were found with 
those of L. luctuosa already noted (p. 222). 
PANTALA FLAVESCENS (Fabricius). 
Libellula flavescens Frabricius, Entomol. System. Supple., 1798, p. 285. 
This species was found more plentifully upon the Illinois side of the river, but was occcsionally 
taken around the fishponds. Nymphs were found in ponds 4 and 8, and skins were obtained along 
the shores of ponds 1, 2, and 3. 
The imagos are rapid flyers and very difficult to capture while on the wing; they congregate in 
open places near the river bank, where they may be recognized by their reddish-yellow color and 
strong flight. 
Apparently they never become really numerous anywhere in the vicinity of the station, but are 
one of the rarer species. 
PANTALA HYMENZAA (Say). 
Libellula hymenzea Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1839, p. 18. 
Similar to flavescens, but with a distinct fuscous spot at the base of the posterior wings; common 
along the river bank just above the ponds in series B. Like flavescens they are rapid flyers and difficult 
to capture while on the wing, but, unlike that species, they frequently alight upon the under side of a 
twig of some bush or tree like Macromia and Nasieschna, and can then be captured easily. 
Nymphs were taken in ponds 3 and 4, but no skins were found in any of the counts made. Neither 
imagos nor nymphs occur in sufficient numbers to affect the ecology of the ponds. 
TRAMEA LACERATA Hagen. 
Tramea lacerata Hagen, Synop. Neurop. N. A., 1861, p. 145. 
This species can be readily recognized even when flying by the large black blotches at the bases 
of the posterior wings. The male accompanies the female while ovipositing, and the two may fre- 
quently be seen flying tandem over the ponds. Early in the season, June and the first of July, the 
species is comparatively rare, but later they become more numerous and by the last of August they 
share with Anax the honors of first place. Nymphs were found in all the ponds, and skins were 
obtained in every count made, those in August being especially numerous. 
