DRAGONFLIES AND DAMSELFLIES IN PONDFISH CULTURE. 253 
TRAMEA ONUSTA Hagen. 
Tramea onusta Hagen, Synop. Neurop. N. A., 1861, p. 144. 
A single male of this species was captured on pond 8D in July, 1917, and others were seen later 
about several of the ponds. It can be readily distinguished from lacerata by the reddish color of the 
blotches at the bases of the wings. Neither nymphs nor skins were secured. 
PERITHEMIS DOMITIA (Drury). 
Libellula domitia Drury, Illust. Exot. Entomol., vol. 2, 1773, p. 83. 
This is the smallest of the dragonflies and may be distinguished from the others here mentioned 
by its diminutive size and its amber-tinted wings. The imagos are as common about the ponds as 
elsewhere, but are not very abundant anywhere. It is a slow and clumsy flyer, approaching more 
nearly to tie damsels than to the other dragons. Its small size gives it very little confidence and it 
keeps well out of the way of other species, flying close to the surface of the water. 
The female is usually found in the fields some distance away from the ponds, and she deposits her 
eggs unattended by the male. 
The nymphs are found sparingly in all the ponds and were also obtained from Patterson Lake 
on the river; they are cleaner, as well as smaller, than most other species. The skins are always found 
close to the water’s edge, often over the water, apparently on the first suitable stem that the nymph 
met with. 
CELITHEMIS EPONINA (Drury). 
Libellula eponina Drury, Illust. Exot. Entomol., vol. 2, 1773, p. 86. 
These dragonflies can be recognized by their heavily spotted wings and by their habit of balancing 
upon the very tip of some convenient grass or weed stem. When disturbed they return again to the 
same spot, and this makes them easy to capture. Their flight is slow, and in the position and movement 
of the wings bears more resemblance to that of a butterfly than of other dragonflies. They are seen 
paired and flying tandem more often than other species, and in spite of their slow flight they are more 
in evidence on windy days. 
The nymphs are found in all the ponds, while the skins are found close to the water’s edge, like 
those of Perithemis. The small size and scarcity of both species gives them but little influence in the 
ecology of the ponds. 
CELITHEMIS ELISA (Hagen). 
Diplax elisa Hagen, Synop. Neurop. N. A., 1861, p. 182. 
This species was first seen around the fishponds in the summer of 1917. One or two were seen in 
1918, but none was captured. A male and female were secured on July 1, 1919, near ponds 4 and 8 of 
series D. 
LEUCORRHINIA INTACTA (Hagen). 
Diplax intacta Hagen, Synop. Neurop. N. A., 1861, p. 179. 
This is another small species familiarly known as “Johnny Whiteface’’; it may be recognized by 
its diminutive size and its snow-white face combined with a dark body and clear wings. The two sexes 
do not fasten together during ovipositing, but spend much of their time perched separately on some 
convenient object near the water. They fly only short distances from one resting place to another, but 
forage continuously all summer long. Their nymphs are found in all the ponds and much resemble 
those of Celithemis and Perithemis, but are shorter and generally show a definite color pattern of dark 
brown on a greenish background. They are lively and clamber about on the submerged vegetation 
with considerable agility. 
SYMPETRUM RUBICUNDULUM (Say). 
Libellula rubicundula Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1839, p. 26. 
This species appears early in the season and remains until after the frosts of October. At first the 
adults are very soft and seem to remain teneral a long time, but later they become firmer and by Sep- 
tember are as rigid as any of the smaller species. 
110307°—21——17 
