MARINE ALGA OF BEAUFORT, N. C. 375 
The author takes pleasure in acknowledging his indebtedness to those who have 
helped him in the present study. To Frank S. Collins, North Eastham, Mass., and to 
Dr. Marshall A. Howe, the New York Botanical Garden, he is especially indebted for 
assistance in the determination of species given throughout the progress of this work 
and for much helpful advice and information about the distribution of species and about 
doubtful points. He is indebted to Dr. N. L. Britton for facilities for studying the alge 
in the New York Botanical Garden and for the use of Plates CX V-CXIX, and to other 
members of the staff of this institution for assistance during his work in the library there. 
To Prof. W. G. Farlow, Harvard University, he is indebted for assistance in the determi- 
nation of species and for the privilege of studying the alge in his herbarium; to Prof. 
D. S. Johnson, the Johns Hopkins University, for facilities of laboratory and library 
furnished for the study of the Beaufort alge; to Mrs. Margaret H. Y. Hoyt, for assistance 
with the drawings used in this work and with the preparation of the manuscript. To 
all of these and to others who have helped him in various ways the author wishes to 
express his grateful appreciation of their assistance. 
PART I. GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE REGION. 
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BEAUFORT HARBOR. 
The town of Beaufort lies at latitude 34° 43’ N., longitude 76° 40’ W., about 19 km. 
(12 miles) northwest from Cape Lookout and 120 km. (75 miles) southwest of Cape 
Hatteras. (See map 2.) South and west of the town stretches the harbor, a large body 
of water communicating with the ocean by a wide inlet between Shackleford Banks and 
Bogue Banks. From the harbor near this inlet extend Bogue Sound to the west and 
Back Sound to the east, separating the mainland from Bogue Banks and Shackleford 
Banks, respectively. Extending northwest from Beaufort Harbor lies the body of water 
known as Newport River, with several creeks, receiving frequent inflows of fresh water. 
A somewhat similar body of water extends northward from Back Sound. The bottom 
throughout this region is composed of sand, mud, or shells, and offers no conditions 
favorable for the growth of alge. 
The beaches of Bogue and Shackleford Banks are flat, sandy stretches. Shackle- 
ford Beach and the greater part of Bogue Beach are destitute of alge. Alge are, how- 
ever, frequently found on Bogue Beach for a distance of about 1.6 km. (1 mile) west from 
the inlet. Here, after storms, are found great masses of algae washed on the beach or 
lying in the water along the shore. Many of the plants found here, in all likelihood, have 
been carried out from the harbor by the receding tide; others have almost certainly been 
washed in from the coral reefs lying offshore, since several species found elsewhere only 
on the beach were dredged from these coral reefs; while a few species, represented only 
by specimens from Bogue Beach, may have come from points farther south, some of 
these being unknown elsewhere north of Florida or the West Indies, and possibly being 
brought here by the Gulf Stream from that region or from some of the intermediate 
submerged coral reefs.% 
@ While species found only on the beach can not strictly be included in the flora of Beaufort, they are treated as a part of the 
alge of thisregion. This has seemed proper, since it is very probable that some of these have come from the coral reefs offshore, 
and it is impossible to distinguish between the species that come from these reefs and those that are brought from other regions. 
Moreover, in view of the algee found on these reefs, it is unsafe to assume that any species observed in this region has come froma 
more distant point. Such species may be found at any time by collectors here or at other places, and it is entirely possible that 
some of these, even if they do not now occur at Beaufort, may establish themselves here, either in the harbor or on the coral reefs 
offshore. These species are included in the total number given for the region, but are enumerated in a separate list. 
