MARINE ALG OF BEAUFORT, N. C. 455 
radiating markings, and entire or almost entire lamine, as well as by the absence of continuations of 
the stipe as ‘‘midribs’’ on the segments. 
While the specimens found at Beaufort may have grown on the coral reef offshore, they may equally 
well have been brought there by the Gulf Stream from Florida or the West Indies. This is the northern 
known limit of the species and the genus. 
2. Zonaria flava (Clemente) Agardh. Pl. XCI, fig. 1. 
Fucus flavus, Clemente, 1807, p. 310. 
Zonaria flava, Agardh, 1817, p. XX. 
Zonaria flava, Harvey, 1858, p. 123. 
Zonaria flava, De Toni, 1895, p. 230. 
A. A. B. Ex. No. 91 (Zonaria tournefortii). 
P. B.-A. Nos. 86, 1391 (Zonaria tournefortii). 
Frond rather erect, 3.5 to 17 cm. tall, stipitate, attached by a cushion at the base, parchmentlike, 
substance almost horny, color reddish brown; stipe subcylindrical, elongated, branched, densely 
covered by short, brown, rhizoidal filaments; branches going off into a cuneate, flattened lamina, 
flabellately incised, marked by vague lines radiating from the base and by distant, more or less vague, 
concentric zonations parallel with the apical margins; stipe continued as midribs for short distances 
on the flattened segments of the lamina; lamina without midribs for some distance from the apical 
margins; sori forming irregular, spotlike patches scattered over the surface of the lamina. 
California; Brazil; Canaries; Azores; North Africa; Spain; Mediterranean. 
Beaufort, N. C.: Very abundant after hard winds, Bogue Beach, throughout the year; very abundant 
off northwest corner of coral reef at depth of 25.5 m., May, 1907, not found on reef. Fruits throughout 
the year. 
Previously known with certainty from North America only from California, but specimens from 
Florida in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden marked Z. lobaia Ag. (which species is 
now referred to Stypopodium lobatum (Ag.) Kuetz.) seem to be Zonaria and may belong to this species. 
This is the northern known limit of the species and of the genus. 
The Beaufort specimens resemble the photograph of the type (from Italy) and specimens from 
California, but many Beaufort plants are larger than any specimens in Herbarium New York Botanical 
Garden. ‘The California specimens available to the author were 3.5 to 7 cm. tall, small, and narrow, 
while the Beaufort plants are 7 to 17 cm. tall, large, broad, and much branched. 
Genus 2. Padina Adanson. 
Padina, Adanson, 1763, Tome 2, p. 13. 
Frond flat, rather erect from a creeping, laterally branched rhizome, growing by 
groups of cells along the apical margins, forming conspicuous zones marked by con- 
centric bands of short hairs, margin inrolled ventrally, subentire and kidney shaped or 
fan shaped, or repeatedly divided into spatulate to fan-shaped segments; narrowed at 
the base to a short, thickened stipe often covered with short, brown rhizoids; lamina 
sometimes composed of only two layers of cells, usually composed of three or more cell 
layers differentiated into one-layered, cortical strata and a one or more layered inner 
stratum; spores produced four in a sporangium; sporangia grouped in sori forming 
conspicuous scattered patches or more or less regular bands between the zones of hairs, 
usually covered by a more or less persistent indusium, occurring on one or both sides 
of the thallus; oogonia and antheridia grouped in sori, occurring on the same or different 
individuals; in the former case oogonia occurring in concentric bands broken by radial 
lines of antheridia, in the latter case both oogonia and antheridia occurring in concentric 
bands between the zones of hairs; oogonia and antheridia produced on one or both sides 
of the thallus. 
About 10 species, in warm and tropical seas. 
While this genus is easily recognized, distinctions between the species have been 
the source of much confusion in the past and are still made with great difficulty in some 
