A Warning-Color Reaction Experimentally Established. 



2S9 



Table ii, Series III — Continued. 



Table 11 shows behavior of the Laboratory colony of gray snappers 

 toward each individual of 3 series of atherinas. N = formalin normal; 

 R ^ formalin red ; T =: formalin tentacled red. 



At the beginning of each series formalin normals were thrown to see 

 whether the snappers were feeding with their usual avidity. These were 

 I'nllowed. except in series II, by formalin tentacled reds and these in turn 

 by formalin reds. The last atherinas thrown in each series were formalin 

 normals. 



Table 1 1 records the behavior of the snappers toward each individual of 

 three series of atherinas. Here the normal fish are represented by the letter 

 N, the formalin red by R, and the formalin tentacled red by T. Opposite the 

 serial number of each atherina thrown it is represented by its appropriate 

 letter placed in one of four columns; in the first if taken at once, the 

 second if taken with hesitation, the third with much hesitation, fourth re- 

 fused. The record of series I starts with 3 formalin normals all taken at 

 once. These are followed by formalin tentacled reds. Of the first 13 of 

 these, 9 are taken at once. 3 with much hesitation, and i refused. As the 

 record continues it is seen that but i of these tentacled fish is afterwards 

 taken at once, while the number taken with much hesitation and the num- 

 ber refused both increase toward the end. Of the 15 tentacled fish that 

 were untaken, 1 1 are in the second 40 of the 80 tentacled fish thrown. The 

 time required by the snappers to take tentacled fish thus increases as the 

 series lengthens, so that the letters representing these fish shift more and 

 more to the right in the 4 vertical columns. The untentacled red fish (R) 

 follow the tentacled and it is seen that they are all refused or taken with 



20 



