398 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



the same remote root. It would seem that the numerals one, two, 

 three, ten, for the class of round objects, had a suffix -Z, which has 

 brought about modifications of the stems to which it has been at- 

 tached. It seems plausible, therefore, that k'/aPk and k/E'rEl, gwant 

 and hlule, k' lap and kplPl^ are derived each pair from one root. 



In some of the other classes the suffixes are obvious, although their 

 meaning is not always clear. The suffix -sxan^ in the class for long 

 objects in Tsimshian, may well be a contraction of the numeral with 

 sgan stick. The class designating human beings contains the endings 

 -dl, -dot, which in the numeral three {gulCi'n) has been changed to 

 -an b}' dissimilation. The class expressing measures contains the 

 element -on hand. 



In the numerals the process of contraction maj" be observed with 

 great clearness. Examples are the weakened forms hstEiisd'l five per- 

 sons, and that for nine persons, which is probabh^ derived from the 

 same stem, kstEmasd'l. Here belong also the forms yuTdeadd'l., which 

 stands for ynkdeldd'l; klsVo'ii^ for klE'vEVon; k'''Ugd'x', for k'''eEl gdx' 



ONE FATHOM. 



§ 58. Ordinal WumberSf Wnnieral Adverbs, and Distrib- 

 utive JMdiibers 



Ordinal numbers are not found, except the words ks.-qd'°x and ks-dz6'x 

 THE FIRST, and anld' the next, which are not, strictly speaking, nu- 

 merals. 



Numeral adverbs agree in form with the numerals used for counting 

 round objects. 



nhk'^lt Id-la' (jskH za guld'aJt then she washed him in it three times 

 197.11 {-t she; Id- in; laqsk^ to wash; -t him) 



Tsimshian : 

 I txd'lpxa haha'k.'uxt four times it clapped together 



Distributive numbers are formed with the prefix iiiELa- (Tsimshian 

 iueIe-)^ which has been recorded in § 10, no. 87. Besides this, redu- 

 plicated forms are found. 



Tsimshian: 



txaflpxads undk' !%pk' !a'p)l sa alniEla-k.'E'rEldElg'amkioviy days 

 to each month ZE 792.21 {sa day; g'amk month) 

 §58 



