BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 401 



ada sa-nV°dsE ya'ts/EsgEdE wul ksE-givd'°ntgE wl-go'epla then the 

 animals saw the great light rising ZE 785.6 {m- suddenly; nl^dz 

 to see, discover; ya'tslssg animal; ksE- out; ginaPntg to touch; 

 ksE-gwd'°ntg to rise; wl- great; go'ep/a light) 



adat ma'lEsgE loula ha'usgE n-ts ! a' ptga° then he told what his tribe 

 said ZE 786. 8 {mal to tell; ha'u to say; ts.'aj) tribe) 



adat plia'rEt nE-U!a!pt gEsga wula dza'ksgA wai'k'tga° they told 

 the tribe about their brother being dead {plid'r to tell; tslap 

 tribe; dzak dead; walk' brother) 

 . at k' I'lHsxan wul ksE-gwd'°ntgE g'a'mgEt and he showed the moon 

 that rose ZE 791.17 {h !l!Hsxan to show; g'amg sun, moon) 



mn dEp dEDi ia'°ka wula ha'io a'uta good we follow what porcu- 

 pine says ZE 792.22 (am good; dEp we; dEin future; id'°k to fol- 

 low; ha'u to say; a'uta porcupine) 



The use of wul is not quite so regular in Tsimshian as in the 

 Nass dialect. We find, for instance, 



t n!axnu'° Jia'us Waxaya'°k he heard what Waxaya'^k said 

 ada g'ik klE'vEldE wul h6ltga° and one more being full 



On the other hand, imd is used very commonly with the intro- 

 ductory conjunctions ada^ da. In fact, in most prose the greater 

 number of sentences begin with this combination: 



ada wul h' !e' pxa-lEmd'HgEt then every one was saved 



ada widat yd'ulErnxs Waxayd'°kga° then he gave advice to W. 



ada wul tsli^iit then he entered 



The two forms loul and wula are apparently used without much 

 discrimination. Both are generally admissible, and I have not 

 succeeded so far in discovering any difi'erence in their meaning. 

 2. L,a expresses a past state (Tsimshian: la). 



SEm-guxi'eL hwVlt ah gwasL guis-halai'tg'e he was very poor on 



having lost his dancing-blanket 38.14 {sEm- YQry:, gwde poor; 



gioas to lose; guis- blanket; halai't ceremonial dance) 

 k'si-Lo'odet ah La Laxid' xk^det they went out having finished 



eating 40.9 

 t g'a'aL wund'x' La ax-g'e'hEtg'e he saw the food which he had not 



eaten 41.4 {wund'x' food; ax- not; g'ep to eat something) 

 a'lg'ixs Logohold' ul Lat hwild'x'L hwil dz'aLt Logobola' spoke 



when he knew that he had lost 20.10 {a'lg'ix to speak; hwild'x' 



to know; dz''aL to lose) 

 ha'm^xk^det aL La xsddt they divided upon his having won 21.1 

 La hux yu'km-^ nLk'''e . . . when it was evening again 141.4 

 La Ll'skH ll'ia'tsL axt k'o'ukH aL lax-an-la'k^., after the porcupine 



had struck the fire with its tail 77.7 

 44877— Bull. 40, pt 1—10 26 § 59 



