508 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bdll. 40 



This suffix is also used to express a passive. The difference be- 

 tween this and -so^ (no. 159) is, that -so^ is the passive of verbs 

 that have a direct object, while -ayu is the passive of verbs that 

 are accompanied by an instrumental. 



qa/sHd to begin to walk qa's^ldayu he was a means of 



walking (i. e., he was taken 

 away) 



dETix- to sing ds'nxHdayu it was sung 13.14 



175. -and instrument [stem-s., ind.]. This suffix is used with a few 



words only, and is not freely movable. 



wuse'g-a to put on belt wuse'g'ano belt 



Tia'nx'LEud to put on fire Jia'nx' Land kettle 



la^stano to be put into water 

 It seems that suffixes in -nd (see no. 2) may take this form; but 

 they take also the forms in -ayu; for instance, 

 axLE^ndayu to be put on 43.14 



176. -g'U REASON OF [woRD-s.]; loses initial ^•. 



lafg'il reason of going 14.3 

 g'd'xel reason of coming 16.7 



177. -qldiiias reason [word-s.]. 



no'gwaq.'dmas I am the reason of U.S.N.M. 669.9 

 laqld'mad'qos you were the reason of X 229.3 



178. -LE)l CAUSE OF [ STEM-S., IND.]. 



ydq^- to distribute yd'xLEii property (what in- 



duces one to distribute) 



tsle'lwala to be famous fe.'e^waaji^n fame (what causes 



one to be famous) 



yd'laqwa to sing sacred song yd'Iax^LEn sacred song X 



69.30 (what induces one to 

 sing sacred song) 



179. -anEm obtained by [stem-s., w, and word-s., w]. 



JiariL- to shoot Jia'nLdnEm obtained by shoot- 



ing 138.25 



qldTc'OL to obtain a slave qld'lc'OLdnEm obtained by ob- 



taining a slave 136.25 (see 

 no. 140) 



LeH- to invite Le'ldnEm guest (obtained by 



inviting) 163.9 



SETi- to plav sE^nd'nEm obtained by plan- 



ning 278.75 



§36 



