BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 527 



§ 46. The Tentative 



The tentative is formed by the suffix -a, which liardens the terminal 

 consonant of the stem (§ 33, no. 141); and by reduphcation with a 

 vowel. These forms are used both with nouns and verbs. With 

 nouns they signify to try to get. 



xuno'lc'^ child xwd'xujiklwa to endeavor to 



get a child 

 gweg'- whale gwdgweJc' !a to endeavor to 



get a whale 

 gslc'- wife gd'gEl" !a to woo 



lae' L to enter laflaeLla to endeavor to enter 



do'lcwa to troll dd'doldwa to endeavor to troll 



The forms in -hjCila to go to look for (§ 33, no. 142) are similar 

 in form to the preceding. 



ties- stone t.'d'tlesE^ydla to go to look for 



stones 

 g-olc^ house g-d'g-oJcu^ydla to go to look for 



houses 

 hauL- to shoot Tid'nJianLE^ydla to go to look 



for a gun 



Syntactic Relations (§§ 47-69) 

 § 4:7. Personal and Uenionstrative Pronouns 



In the Kwakiutl sentence, predicate, subject, object, instrument, 

 cause, and purpose are distinguished. Since pronominal representa- 

 tives of all nouns that form part of the sentence are used for expressing 

 their syntactic relations, the discussion of the syntactic structure of 

 the sentence is essentially a discussion of the pronoun. 



The following pronouns are distinguished: 



Speaker 1st person. 



Speaker and person or persons addressed . . Inclusive. 



Speaker and person or persons spoken of . . Exclusive. 



Person addressed 2d person. 



Person spoken of 3d person. 



The strong tendency of the Kwakiutl language to strict localization 

 appears very clearly in the development of the third person, which 

 is almost always combined with the demonstrative pronoun. Three 

 positions are distinguished — that near the speaker, that near the per- 

 son addressed, and that near the person spoken of; and each of these 



§§ 46, 47 



